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[[File:Berberis vulgaris3.jpg|thumb|right|''Berberis vulgaris'', ''Barberry'']]
'''Berberis vulgaris''' also known as '''common Common barberry, European barberry or simply barberry,''' is a shrub in the genus Berberis. It produces edible but sharply acidic berries, which people is native to the Himalayas in many countries eat as a tart India and refreshing fruitin Nepal. It is also naturally found in the wet zone of Sri Lanka.==Uses=={{Uses|Cancer}}, {{Uses|Malarea}}, {{Uses|Gallbladder pain}}, {{Uses|Gallstones}}, {{Uses|Jaundice}}, {{Uses|Stomach ulcer}}, {{Uses|Mouth bacterial dysentery}}.
== Description Parts Used== It is a deciduous shrub growing up to 4 m high. The leaves are small oval, 2–5 cm long and 1–2 cm broad, with a serrated margin; they are borne in clusters of 2-5 together, subtended by a three-branched spine 3–8 mm long. The flowers are yellow, 4–6 mm across, produced on 3–6 cm long panicles in late spring. The fruit is an oblong red berry 7–10 mm long and 3–5 mm broad{{Parts Used|Stem}}, ripening in late summer or autumn; they are edible but very sour{{Parts Used|Roots}}, and rich in Vitamin C{{Parts Used|Fruits}}.
== Uses Chemical Composition== *The berries are edible and rich in vitamin C, though with a very sharp flavor; Extracts from the thorny shrubs make harvesting them difficult, so in most places, they are not widely consumed. They are an important food inner stem bark of Berberis vulgaris were analyzed for many small birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings.*In Europe, antioxidant activity using the berries have been traditionally used as an ingredient in making jam. *In Iran, barberries are commonly used as a currant in rice pilaf.*Zereshk is widely used in cooking, imparting a tart flavor to chicken dishes. It is usually cooked with rice, called zereshk polo1, 1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl method and provides a nice meal compared with chicken.*The plant is both poisonous ascorbic acid and used in folk medicinebutylated hydroxytoluene.<ref name="useschemical composition"/>*A decoction of the plant has been used to treat gastrointestinal ailments and coughs.<ref name="uses2"/>*The use of the plant in traditional medicine has been limited by the bitter taste of the bark and root.
==Common namenames=={{Common names|kn=Bagisutrum, Doddamaradarsina, Gantarishina|ml=Kasturimanjal, Maradarisina|sa=Daruharidra, Darunisa, Darurajani|ta=Mullukkala, Ucikkala, Usikkala|te=Daruharidra, Kasthoori pushpa|hi=Khepacho, Rasaunt, Rasaut, Rasvat, Zarishk|en=Chitra}}
<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub= External Links =5181 Botonical description]</ref><ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/daruharidra-berberis-aristata Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://en.wikipediapfaf.org/wikiuser/Berberis_vulgaris plant.aspx?LatinName=Berberis +vulgaris-WikipediaCultivation details]</ref></references>
==External Links==
* [http://www.homeremediess.com/berberis-vulgaris-barberry-plant-images-medicinal-uses/ Berberis Vulgaris (Barberry) Plant Images & Medicinal Uses]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18618524 Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine]
* [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.2399 Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine]
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5233136_Pharmacological_and_therapeutic_effects_of_Berberis_vulgaris_and_its_active_constituent_berberine Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent]
* [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aps/2018/3018498/ Studies on the Dual Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Properties of Berberis vulgaris]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Berberidaceae]]
