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[[File:Bristly Starbur (4104815527).jpg|thumb|right|''kadle mullu'', ''Acanthospermum hispidum'']]
'''Acanthospermum hispidum ''' is an upright annual plant growing 20 - 80cm tall. It is an annual herb characterized by hairy stem, yellow-green florets, opposite leaves and fruits with hooked spines. The plant is sometimes harvested from the wild for use in traditional medicine.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Jaundice}}, {{Uses|Malaria}}, {{Uses|Vomiting}}, {{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Constipation}}, {{Uses|Snakebite}}, {{Uses|Epilepsy}}, {{Uses|}}, {{<ref name="Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}, {{Uses|}}."/>
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|stem}}, {{Parts Used|leavesLeaves}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
==Chemical Composition==
It contains the following Chemical Constituents: Flavonoids, Tannins, Terpenes and Steroids.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|sa=|en=|gu=|hi=|kn=Kadle mullu|ks=|ml=|mr=|pate=Palleru|ta=Kombumul|teen=Bristly starbur}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
==Properties==
===Dravya===
===Rasa===
===Guna===
==Habit==
{{Habit|Herb}}
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite|Leaves 2-4 x 1-2 cm, ovate, apex acute, entire. }}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Heads|Axillary|Yellow||Heads 4-5 mm long, axillary, sessile; receptacle paleate; bracts 1-seriate, 5 mm long. Outer row of flowers female, ligulate, yellow, 3-lobed at apex. Inner flowers bisexual; corolla 2 mm long, tubular, 5-toothed at apex, yellow}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|Achenes|5 x 3 mm|||Obovate, with two diverging long spines at apex, compressed; pappus absent|Fruiting season - August - December}}
===Other features===
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}
==How to plant/cultivate==
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Dry areas}}, {{Commonly seen|Waste lands}}, {{Commonly seen|Agricultural land}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Acanthospermum hispidum W2 IMG 2208.jpg|Leaves and flowersFile:Acanthospermum hispidum - flower head (8644478683).jpg|FlowersFile:Acanthospermum hispidum, groen vrugte, Steenbokpan,a.jpg|AchenesFile:Acanthospermum hispidum-2-ghat road-yercaud-salem-India.jpg|LeavesFile:Acanthospermum hispidum seeds.jpg|Seeds
</gallery>
==References==
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[Journal Paper from National Library of Medicine - An Updated Review on Phytochemistry and Biological Activities</ref><ref name="chemistryUses"]>[Journal Of Applied Pharmaceutical Science - Phytopharmacological review on Acanthospermum hispidum</ref> <ref name="Leaf">["morphology"]India-Bio-Diversity Portal</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ Cultivation]</ref><ref name="CultivationKarnataka Medicinal Plants"]>”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.199, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [ http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Acanthospermum+hispidum Acanthospermum hispidum on Ferns Information]* [ ]* [ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34517800/#:~:text=In%20the%20literature%2C%20there%20are,tannins%2C%20terpenes%2C%20and%20steroids Acanthospermum hispidum on National Library of Medicine]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Asteraceae]]
