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Mallotus philippensis - Kamala tree

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References
[[File:Mallotus philippensis - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-221.jpg|thumb| ''Mallotus philippensis'']]'''Mallotus philippensis''' or ''Kampillaka'' or ''Kumkumada mara'' is a tree that bears fruits which give out red coloured powder which is used as a dye. The dye is known for its [[anthelmintic]] properties<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Rao | first1 = VS | last2 = Seshadri | first2 = TR | year = 1947 | title = Kamala dye as an anthelmintic | url = | journal = Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences | volume = 26 | issue = 3| pages = 178–181 | doi = 10.1007/BF03170871 }}</ref>.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Anthelmintic}}, {{Uses|Skin infections}}, {{Uses|Stomach ulcer}}, {{Uses|Tapeworm infections}}.<ref name="Uses"/>As remedy for tape-worm, because of its laxative effect.
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Fruits}}, {{Parts Used|stemStem}}, {{Parts Used|leavesLeaves}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}.<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
==Chemical Composition==
Mallotus philippinensis species are known to contain different natural compounds, Mainly Phenols, Diterpenoids, Steroids, Flavonoids, Cardenolides, Triterpenoids, Coumarins, Isocoumarins and Many more especially Phenols; that is, Bergenin, Mallotophilippinens, Rottlerin and Isorottlerin have been isolated, identified<ref name="chemical composition"/>Rottlerin, mallotoxin
==Common names==
{{Common names|sa=Kampilla, Ranjana, Rechanaka|en=|gu=Kamala tree, Monkey Face Tree|hi=Kamala, Rohini|kn=|ks=|ml=|mr=|pa=Kunkumada mara|ta=Kapila, Kumkumam|te=Kumkuma, Sindhuri}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
==Properties==
===Dravya===
===Rasa===
 
===Guna===
==Habit==
{{Habit|Seeds}}, {{Habit|Cuttings}}.
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Leaves are opposite on the stem|Ovate to oblong in shape|The upper surface is green without hairs, the underside pale grey in colour.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Yellow-brown flowers form on racemes|Racemes up to 6 cm long|New South Wales flowering period is from June to November||Flowering period in the Philippines is March to April}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|6 to 9 mm broad|covered in red powdery substance|seeds 2 to 3 mm in diameter|Fresh seed is advised for germination.||Fruiting season is from January to April}}
===Other features===
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}
==How to plant/cultivate==
A plant of lower elevations in the tropics, where it can be found from sea level to 1,600 metres. It grows best in areas where annual daytime temperatures are within the range 25 - 34°c, but can tolerate 7 - 45°c.
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|South Asia}}, {{Commonly seen|Southeast Asia}}, {{Commonly seen|Afghanistan and Australia}}, {{Commonly seen|Mount Keira}}, {{Commonly seen|South of Sydney}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Mallotus philipensis flowers.jpg|''M. philipensis'' flowersFlowersImage:MallotesPhilipensis.jpg|Red coloured fruit of the kamala, Nandi hills slopes, [[Bangalore]], [[India]]Coloured FruitImage:Red Kamala Mount Keira.JPG|Red kamala at its most southerly point of natural distribution, [[Mount Keira]], [[Illawarra]], [[Australia]]Image:Black-crested Bulbul (Pycnonotus melanicterus) feeding on Kamala (Mallotus philipensis) at Jayanti, Duars, WB W Picture 133.jpg|[[Black-crested bulbul]] feeding on the red kamala at [[Kayanti (village)|Jayanti]], India
</gallery>
 
==References==
<references>
 <ref name="chemical composition">["Chemistry"]Journal Paper - National Library of Medicine - Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg (Euphorbiaceae): Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry Review</ref> <ref name="Leaf">["Morphology"]Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 266</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "Cultivation"]Tropical The Ferns Information</ref>
<ref name="Uses">Indian Medicinal Plants by C.P.Khare</ref>
<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.315, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [ http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Mallotus+philippensis Detailsherbs.in Mallotus philippensis on Ferns.info]* [ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallotus_philippensis Mallotus_philippensis.org]* [ ]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Pages without herbs images]]

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