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Created page with "thumb|right|''Ksharaka'', ''Adenanthera pavonina'' '''Ksharaka''', Adenanthera pavonina is a fast-growing deciduous tree with a spreading cro..."
[[File:Adenanthera pavonina.jpg|thumb|right|''Ksharaka'', ''Adenanthera pavonina'']]
'''Ksharaka''', Adenanthera pavonina is a fast-growing deciduous tree with a spreading crown of light, feathery foliage. The tree is widely cultivated in the tropics for a wide range of uses. A very ornamental plant with fragrant, creamy flowers, it is often grown as a specimen and as a street tree.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Constipation}}, {{Uses|Worm infestation}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Spleen diseases}}, {{Uses|Heart disorders}}, {{Uses|Bloating}}
<ref name="Uses"/>
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}
==Chemical Composition==
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=alutigade, bili tigade, aluthi gida, bangada balli|ml=sivata, chivaka, trikolpakkonna|sa=ardhachandra, arunatrivrt, tribhandi, sarala|ta=adimbu, saralam, kumbham, shivadai-ver|te=erra tegada, nalla tegada|hi=nisotar, nisoth, nukpatar, tarbut|en=turpeth root}}
<ref name="Common names"/>
==Properties==
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
===Dravya===
===Rasa===
Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)
===Guna===
Laghu (Light), Rooksha (Dry), Teekshna (Piercing)
===Veerya===
Ushna (Hot)
===Vipaka===
===Karma===
Kapha, Pitta
===Prabhava===
Rechana (Causes purgation)
==Habit==
{{Habit|Climber}}
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Leaves alternate, broadly ovate, 5-10 by 4-8.5 cm, base cordate, apex acute or obtuse, mucronate, thinly pubescent; petiole 2-7 cm long.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Bisexual|Solitary or few in axillary cymes|White||Flower(s) solitary or few in axillary cymes. Calyx lobes ovate, outer larger, 2 by 1.5 cm, thick coriaceous at age.cCrolla white, c. 3 cm across. Ovary 2-locular. }}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|A capsule|Ovoid|seeds glabrous|}}
===Other features===
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
===Season to grow===
===Soil type===
===Propagation===
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Nishottar (Marathi- निशोत्तर) (8235251284).jpg
File:Caralam (Tamil- சரளம்) (3031979402).jpg
File:St. Thomas lidpod (1963418045).jpg
File:Thrikolpa konna 25.jpg
File:Thrikoolpakkonna (Malayalam- ത്രികോല്പക്കൊന്ന) (5145948647).jpg
</gallery>
==References==
<references>
<ref name="Uses">[https://easyayurveda.com/2014/03/03/trivrit-operculina-turpethum-usage-dose-side-effects/ "Uses"]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[http://FLOWERING PLANTS OF KERALA VER.2, N. Sasidharan "BOTANIC DESCRIPTION"]</ref>
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search "Vernacular names"]</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/trivrit-operculina-turpethum
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628523/
* https://www.google.com/search?q=operculina+turpethum+ayurveda&oq=operculina+turpethum+&aqs=chrome.4.69i57j0l5.8417j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
* http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Operculina+turpethum
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Climber]]
'''Ksharaka''', Adenanthera pavonina is a fast-growing deciduous tree with a spreading crown of light, feathery foliage. The tree is widely cultivated in the tropics for a wide range of uses. A very ornamental plant with fragrant, creamy flowers, it is often grown as a specimen and as a street tree.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Constipation}}, {{Uses|Worm infestation}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Spleen diseases}}, {{Uses|Heart disorders}}, {{Uses|Bloating}}
<ref name="Uses"/>
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}
==Chemical Composition==
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=alutigade, bili tigade, aluthi gida, bangada balli|ml=sivata, chivaka, trikolpakkonna|sa=ardhachandra, arunatrivrt, tribhandi, sarala|ta=adimbu, saralam, kumbham, shivadai-ver|te=erra tegada, nalla tegada|hi=nisotar, nisoth, nukpatar, tarbut|en=turpeth root}}
<ref name="Common names"/>
==Properties==
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
===Dravya===
===Rasa===
Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)
===Guna===
Laghu (Light), Rooksha (Dry), Teekshna (Piercing)
===Veerya===
Ushna (Hot)
===Vipaka===
===Karma===
Kapha, Pitta
===Prabhava===
Rechana (Causes purgation)
==Habit==
{{Habit|Climber}}
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Leaves alternate, broadly ovate, 5-10 by 4-8.5 cm, base cordate, apex acute or obtuse, mucronate, thinly pubescent; petiole 2-7 cm long.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Bisexual|Solitary or few in axillary cymes|White||Flower(s) solitary or few in axillary cymes. Calyx lobes ovate, outer larger, 2 by 1.5 cm, thick coriaceous at age.cCrolla white, c. 3 cm across. Ovary 2-locular. }}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|A capsule|Ovoid|seeds glabrous|}}
===Other features===
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
===Season to grow===
===Soil type===
===Propagation===
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Nishottar (Marathi- निशोत्तर) (8235251284).jpg
File:Caralam (Tamil- சரளம்) (3031979402).jpg
File:St. Thomas lidpod (1963418045).jpg
File:Thrikolpa konna 25.jpg
File:Thrikoolpakkonna (Malayalam- ത്രികോല്പക്കൊന്ന) (5145948647).jpg
</gallery>
==References==
<references>
<ref name="Uses">[https://easyayurveda.com/2014/03/03/trivrit-operculina-turpethum-usage-dose-side-effects/ "Uses"]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[http://FLOWERING PLANTS OF KERALA VER.2, N. Sasidharan "BOTANIC DESCRIPTION"]</ref>
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search "Vernacular names"]</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/trivrit-operculina-turpethum
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628523/
* https://www.google.com/search?q=operculina+turpethum+ayurveda&oq=operculina+turpethum+&aqs=chrome.4.69i57j0l5.8417j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
* http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Operculina+turpethum
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Climber]]
