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Andrographis paniculata - Kalmegh

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[[File:Andrographis paniculata (Kalpa) in Narshapur forest, AP W2 IMG 0867.jpg|thumb|right|''Kalmegh'', ''Andrographis paniculata'']]
[[File:469px-Andrographis paniculata Plant.JPG|thumb|right|''Kalamegha'', ''Nelabevu'']]
Kalmegh or Andrographis paniculata is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.
 
==Uses==
{{Uses|cancer}}, {{Uses|HIV}}, {{Uses|cough}}, {{Uses|cold}}, {{Uses|sinusitis}}, {{Uses|body pain}}, {{Uses|Liver problems}}, {{Uses|leprosy}}, {{Uses|cholera}}
 
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
==Chemical Composition==
Dihydroneobaicalein, andrographidine, andrographidine, andrographidine and, dihydroxy, dimethoxyflavone, beta-D-glucopyranoside, three diterpenoids: andrograpanin, neoandrographolide and andrographolide, two phenylpropanoids, trans-cinnamic acid and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde<ref name="chemical composition"/>
Kalmegh or Andrographis paniculata is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae==Common names=={{Common names|kn=hasi kiriyaatha, native to India and Sri Lanka.kaala megha|ml=cara-caniram, kiriyat|sa=bhunimba, bhunimbah|ta=anarivempucceti, anariyam|te=karivaemu, nela vemu|hi=chara-yetah, charayetaah|en=kariyat}}
It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.<ref name="int"/>=Habit=={{Habit|Herb}}
== Traditional medicine Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|Non-Palm Foliage|Foliar Venation is Pinnate / Net and Foliar Margin is Entire, Leaf Area 4.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Dicot)}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
Since ancient times, A. paniculata has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic systems of medicine as well as in tribal medicine in India. This plant ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is a major ingredient of the polyherbal formulation by the name "Nilavembu kudineer choornam" in Siddha medicine.June - August}}
According to the Mayo Clinic Book of Alternative Medicine, "A specific product ===Fruit==={{Fruit||7–10 mm (andrographis combined with Eleutherococcus senticosus0.28–0.4 in.) may shorten the duration and lessen the symptoms of common cold." It also sayslong pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, "Pregnant women shouldn't use andrographis because it could terminate pregnancy.Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
== Medical use =Other features===
A review concluded that existing evidence from controlled clinical trials supports a role for A. paniculata ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the treatment of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections.herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
There is no evidence ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of its effectiveness in cancer treatmentPropagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.<ref name="uses"/>
==Common How to plant/cultivate==In India, it is cultivated as rainy season (Kharif) crop. Any soil having fair amount of organic matter is suitable for commercial cultivation of this crop. About 400 gms. seed are sufficient for one hectare<ref name=="How to plant/cultivate"/>
* '''English''' - Green chirayta==Commonly seen growing in areas==* '''Kannada''' - ನೆಲಬೇವು* '''Hindi''' - कीरायत{{Commonly seen|Village groves}}, {{Commonly seen|roadsides}}, {{Commonly seen|waste places}}.
==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Odermennig.jpgFile:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpgImage:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg</gallery> == References == <references> <ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21626787 "ncbi resource"]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/special-pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=1665 "national park plants"]</ref>
<references><ref name="int">[http://envis.frlht.org/botanical_search.php?txtbtname=Andrographis+paniculata+%28BURM.F.%29WALLICH+EX+NEES.&gesp=181%7CAndrographis+paniculata+%28BURM.F.%29WALLICH+EX+NEES. "Traded Medicinal Plants Database"]<How to plant/ref><ref name="usescultivate">[http://www.mskcckisaanhelpline.orgcom/cancer-carecrops/herbproduct/andrographis Andrographis paniculata-Wikipedia17_Kalmegh "kissan helpline"]</ref>
</references>
== External Links ==* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/andrographis-herb.html]* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4032030/]* [https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/medicinal-use-of-kalmegh-andrographis-paniculata/1483/]* [https://enwww.wikipediaomicsonline.org/wikiopen-access/Andrographis_paniculata Andrographis andrographis-paniculata-Wikipediaa-review-of-its-traditional-uses-phytochemistry-and-pharmacology-2167-0412.1000169.php?aid=33645]
[[Category:Herbs]]
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