#REDIRECT [[File:Anacyclus pyrethrum depressus closed.jpg|thumb|right|''Akarkara'', ''Anacyclus pyrethrum'']] '''Anacyclus pyrethrum''' (pellitory, Spanish chamomile, or Mount Atlas daisy) is a perennial herb much like chamomile in habitat and appearance. It is in a different family (Asteraceae) from the plants known as pellitory-of-the- Akarkarawall (Parietaria officinalis) and spreading pellitory. [[Ayurvedic medicine]] (the ancient Indian medicine system) and Siddha (the medicine system from Tamil Nadu, a southern state of India) have uses for this plant root and it has been used for centuries as a medicine[citation needed]. It is called Akkal-Kara in Hindi, Akkal Kadha in Marathi, and Akkarakaaram. An oil is prepared by a method known as pit extraction. ==Uses=={{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Cracks in Skin}}, {{Uses|Sores}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Intrinsic haemorrhage}}, {{Uses|Poisons}}. ==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Dried Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Fruits}}. ==Chemical Composition==The Artocarpus species are rich in phenolic compounds including flavonoids, stilbenoids, arylbenzofurons and Jacalin, a lectin.<ref name="chemical composition"/> ==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Hebbalasu, Kadu halasu|ml=Ayani, Anjili, Ayini plavu|sa=Lakucha, Lakucah, Panasah|ta=Kattuppala, Aiyini pala, Kurangu pala, Pei pala|te=Adavi panasa|hi=Kathal|en=Wild Jack}} ==Habit=={{Habit|Tree}} ==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|lanceolate|alternate, spiral, clustered at twigs end, tawny hirsute, caducous, leaving annular scar}}.<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|14cm long|Pendulous, Ovoid||male flowers in axillary spikes, pendulous; female flowers in axillary spikes, ovoid}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|||Syncarp (sorosis), subglobose or ellipsoid with long echinate processes, orange when ripe|seeds many, ovoid.|}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}, {{Propagation|Airlayers}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==In terms of taking care of the plant, minimal pruning is required Cutting off dead branches from the interior of the tree is only sometimes needed. In addition, twigs bearing fruit must be twisted or cut down to the trunk to induce growth for the next season. Branches should be pruned every three to four years to maintain its productivity.Stingless bees such as Tetragonula iridipennis are jackfruit pollinators, and as such, play an important role in jackfruit cultivation. ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Western Ghats}}, {{Commonly seen|Malabar Coast}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Artocarpus hirsutus immature fruits from Tuvvur, Kerala, India.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus unripe fruitFile:Artocarpus hirsutus fruit.jpg|The ripe fruit of Jungle JackFile:ആഞ്ഞിലി.jpg|unripe fruits in a treeFile:ആഞ്ഞിലിപ്പഴം.jpg|The ripe fruit of Anhili with the outer skin removed.File:രണ്ട് ഐനിച്ചക്കകൾ.jpg|ripe fruits File:ഐനിച്ചക്ക.jpg|a ripe fruitFile:ആഞ്ഞിലി ചക്ക അഥവാ ഐനി ചക്ക.jpg|semi-ripe Anhili fruit.File:Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infectionFile:Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection close up.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection close-up</gallery> ==References== <references> <ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874110002060 "ethnopharmacology"]</ref><ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/8066 "morphology"]</ref></references> ==External Links==* [http://frlhtenvis.nic.in/KidsCentre/Artocarpus_hirsutus_1636.aspx Artocarpus hirsutus on ENVIS Centre on Conservation of Medicinal Plants]* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/8066 Artocarpus hirsutus on India Biodiversity Portal]* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874110002060 Artocarpus: A review of its traditional uses, Pellitoryphytochemistry and pharmacology]* [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d5c0/67efca6a605cfebce2ad4b6a8a702887ccca.pdf Artocarpus: A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology]* [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.381.143&rep=rep1&type=pdf Pharmacognostical studies on the bark of Artocarpus hirsutus Lam] [[Category:Herbs]]
