Arachis hypogaea - Bhuchanaka

Bhuchanaka, Arachis hypogaea

Arachis hypogaea is an annual plant with erect or prostrate stems up to 70cm long. The peanut is a very commonly used food plant, valued mainly for its edible seed and oil, but also having medicinal and other uses. It is widely cultivated throughout the tropics and sub-tropics for its seed.

Uses

Rheumatism, Blood disorders

Parts Used

Seeds, Young pods, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Peanut is one of the most important crops in the world, both for vegetative oil and as a protein source.

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada	ಕಡಲೆಕಾಯಿ Kadalekaayi, ನೆಲಗಡಲೆ Nelagadale
Hindi	Chinabadam, Mungphali
Malayalam	Kappalanti, Nilakatala
Tamil	Manila-k-kottai, Manila-p-payaru
Telugu	Nelakadale
Marathi	Badamchini, Bhuimuga
Gujarathi	Magaphali, Singdana
Punjabi
Kashmiri
Sanskrit
English	Earthnut, Groundnut

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Compound	Alternate	Leaves stipulate, pinnate with two opposite pairs of leaflets, alternately arranged in a 2/5 phyllotaxy on main axis.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Bisexual	Axillary	Yellow		Flowers pea-like, enclosed between two bracts, one simple, subtending a very short peduncle, the other bifid, subtending the pedicel.

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
Pod	1 cm long x 0.5 cm thick to 3.5 cm x 1.5 cm		Indehiscent legume up to 10 cm long; seeds 1–5

Mode of Propagation

Seeds

How to plant/cultivate

Peanuts can be grown from the tropics to the warm temperate zone, with commercial crops succeeding between latitudes 40° south and 40° north and up to an elevation of 1,500 metres.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Wild state.

External Links

• Arachis hypogaea on pfaf.org
• Arachis hypogaea on sciencedirect.com
• Arachis hypogaea on plantnet-project.org