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'''Guelder-rose''' or '''Viburnum opulus''' is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae (formerly Caprifoliaceae) native to Europe, northern Africa and central Asia.

== Description Uses== V. opulus is a deciduous shrub growing to 4–5 m (13–16 ft) tall. The leaves are opposite{{Uses|fluid retention}}, {{Uses|eye disorders}}, {{Uses|menstrual cramps}}, {{Uses|cramps during pregnancy}}, three-lobed{{Uses|scurvy}}, 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and broad{{Uses|hysteria}}, with a rounded base and coarsely serrated margins; they are superficially similar to the leaves of some maples{{Uses|infection}}, most easily distinguished by their somewhat wrinkled surface with impressed leaf venation. The leaf buds are green{{Uses|Diarrhea}}, with valvate bud scales.{{Uses|nervous disorders}}

The hermaphrodite flowers are white, produced in corymbs 4–11 cm (2–4 in) in diameter at the top of the stems; each corymb comprises a ring of outer sterile flowers 1.5–2 cm in diameter with conspicuous petals, surrounding a center of small (5 mm), fertile flowers; the flowers are produced in early summer, and pollinated by insects. The fruit is a globose bright red drupe 7–10 mm diameter, containing a single seed. The seeds are dispersed by birds==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Fruits}}.

== Uses Chemical Composition==The berries of V. Opulus contain valerianic acid (Dumas; phocenic acid of Chevreul, identical with the volatile acid from the fat of the dolphin), and a red coloring matter<ref name="chemical composition"/>

*The fruit is edible in small quantities, with a very acidic taste; it can be used to make jelly. It is however very mildly toxic, and may cause vomiting or diarrhea if eaten in large amounts.<ref name="uses"/>=Common names=={{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}

*The term cramp bark is related to the properties of the bark's ability to reduce smooth muscle tightness. It is called cramp bark as relieving this type of muscle tightness is most often associated with relieving women's menstrual (period) cramps. However==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, this can also be used during pregnancy for cramps or pain and general muscle crampingPrabhava - Therepeutics.<ref name===Dravya==="uses2"/>

==Common name=Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===

==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|opposite|simple, broad and three-lobed with coarse, serrated edges and sparse fine hairs on the underside}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|creamy-white|5-20|Flat-topped flowers appear in May to July}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|Round|7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|Bright red berries appear in autumn in hanging bunches|translucent flowers|-}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Layering}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Landscape Uses:Border, Massing, Screen, Specimen. An easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils but is ill-adapted for poor soils and for dry situations[1]. It prefers a deep rich moist loamy soil in a sunny position<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|scrub and woodland}}, {{Commonly seen|Hedges}}, {{Commonly seen|damp soils}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">File:Viburnum_opulus_001.JPGFile:Viburnum_opulus_A.jpgFile:Viburnu opulus autumn kz1.jpg|autumnFile:Viburnum_opulus_002.JPGFile:Viburnum_opulus_003.JPGFile:Viburnum_opulus_OM25.JPGFile:Viburnum_opulus_004.JPGFile:Viburnum_opulus_005.JPG</gallery> == References == <references><ref name="useschemical composition">[httphttps://www.pfafhenriettes-herb.orgcom/eclectic/userkings/plantsearchviburnum-opul.aspx Plants for a Future databasehtml "chemical constituents "]</ref> <ref name="uses2Leaf">[httphttps://www.webmdwoodlandtrust.org.comuk/visiting-woods/trees-woods-and-wildlife/vitaminsbritish-supplementstrees/ingredientmononative-746trees/guelder-CRAMP%20BARKrose/ "plant description"]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?activeIngredientIdLatinName=746&activeIngredientName=CRAMP%20BARK CRAMP BARK: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings - WebMDviburnum+opulus "Cultivation details"]</ref>

== External Links ==* [https://www.plantopedia.com/viburnum-opulus/ ]* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279578235_Chemical_composition_and_antimicrobial_activities_of_the_essential_oils_of_Viburnum_opulus_Viburnum_lantana_and_Viburnum_orientala Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Viburnum opulus]* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23993538 Antioxidant properties and polyphenolic compositions of fruits from different European cranberrybush]