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[[File:Boerhaavia diffusa.jpg|thumb|right|''Punarnava'', ''Boerhavia diffusa'']]
'''Punarnava''' is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family which is commonly known as punarnava. It is taken in herbal medicine for pain relief and other uses. The leaves of punarnava are often used as a green vegetable in many parts of India. It's family is Nyctaginaceae.<ref name="Plant family"/>
==Uses==
{{Uses|Obesity}}, {{Uses|Dropsy}}, {{Uses|Blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Gastric disturbances}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Jaundice}}, {{Uses|Anascara}}, {{Uses|Anaemia}}, {{Uses|Internal inflammation}}, {{Uses|Indurated liver}}
==Habit==
{{Habit|Perennial plant}}
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|Ovate-cordiform|Leaf Arrangement is Opposite}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|Unisexual||Pink|5-20|In terminal or axillary panicles of umbellate or capitate clusters}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|Club-shaped anthocarp|7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|Fruiting throughout the year|With hooked hairs|}}
===Other features===
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
*[[Punarnavaadi mandura]]
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
Boerhavia diffusa is widespread through much of the tropics and the subtropics and has also become naturalized in parts of the temperate zone Prefers a sunny position and a well-drained soil.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Season to grow==
April-May
==Required Ecosystem/Climate==
It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can tolerate drought.<ref name="Required Ecosystem/Climate"/>
==Kind of soil needed==
Light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils and prefers well-drained soil.
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Open places near the sea}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry river valleys}}, {{Commonly seen|Along roadsides}}, {{Commonly seen|Warm river valleys}}.
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Boerhavia diffusa flower.jpg|Leaves
File:Boerhavia diffusa in AP W IMG 8081.jpg|Flowers
File:Plume moth on Boerhavia diffusa W IMG 1002.jpg|Flowers
File:Boerhavia diffusa fruits.jpg|Fruits
File:തഴുതാമ.jpg|Hole plant
</gallery>
==References==
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.phytojournal.com/vol1Issue1/Issue_may_2012/5.pdf Chemical constituents]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/32997 Morphology]</ref>
<ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:07</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Boerhavia+diffusa Cultivation Details]</ref>
<ref name="Required Ecosystem/Climate">[https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Boerhavia+diffusa Required Ecosystem/Climate]</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
* [https://examine.com/supplements/boerhaavia-diffusa/ Summary of Boerhaavia diffusa]
* [https://easyayurveda.com/2014/11/17/punarnava-boerhavia-diffusa-benefits-dose-side-effects/ Benefits, dose, side effects]
* [https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Boerhavia+diffusa+L. Boerhavia diffusa on porta4U record display.org]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Nyctaginaceae]]