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Chamaecostus cuspidatus - Bandhukapushpa

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{{stub}} [[File:IMG 2256-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.jpg|thumb|right|''Chamaecostus cuspidatus'', ''insulin Insulin plant'']] Chamaecostus cuspidatus, common name Fiery Costus or Spiral Flag, is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family native to eastern Brazil (States of Bahia and Espirito Santo). In India, it is known as insulin plant because of its use in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported anti-diabetic properties.
'''Chamaecostus cuspidatus''' is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family native to eastern Brazil. In India it is known as insulin plant because of its use in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported anti-diabetic properties.
==Uses==
{{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetesDiabetes}}.
==Parts Used==
==Chemical Composition==
Seed contains anthraquinonesLeaves are rich in protein,namely; (aurantio-obtusiniron, chryso-obtusin,obtusinad antioxidant components such as ascorbic acid, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-Da-glucosidetocopherol, alaternin 2-O-βß-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasteronecarotene, typhasterolterpenoids,teasteronesteroids, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16flavonoids. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperonegentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/>
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=Kemou Kempu honne|ml=Honne, Karintakara, Vengai, Venna-maram|sa=Asana, Bandhukapushpa|ta=Neyccarikamaram, Venkal-c-ciray|te=|hi=Banda, Bija-sal, Peisar, Jarul, Keukand|en=Avaram sennaFiery costus, spiral flag}}.
==Habit==
{{Habit|branched shrubSub terrestrial plant}}
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|simpleSimple|alternateAlternate|entireEntire, oblong, 4-8 inches long with parallel venation, spirally arranged around the stems. Large, fleshy, smooth, and dark green leaves have a light purple underside}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
===Flower===
{{Flower|bisexualUnisexual|21.5 cm longinches in diameter|bright yellowOrange|5-20|The racemes are fewOn cone-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils like head at the tips of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.branches}}
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|short Short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 10.5 cm broadinch|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblongFruits are green colored, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brownless than 0.5 inch.|12-20 seeds}}
===Other features===
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|SeedsDivision of clumps}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
==How to plant/cultivate==
Plants reach about 3 m height with 3As this plant is perinnial.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameterThey prefer a either full sun or partial shade. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoonIt needs fertile soil &ample moisture.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|dry regions of IndiaCentral Atlantic rain forest}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coastSouth america}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri LankaHimalayan regions}}. 
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:OdermennigChamaecostus cuspidatus kz1.jpgFile:Agrimonia eupatoria02Chamaecostus cuspidatus kz2.jpgChamaecostus cuspidatus kz3.jpgImage:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNTChamaecostus cuspidatus.BOTJPGIMG 2256-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.2004jpgIMG 2257-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.0jpgInsulin Plant - Chamaecostus cuspidatus - full view.jpgJPG
</gallery>
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[httphttps://citeseerxwww.istscribd.psu.educom/document/viewdoc273617095/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "CHAMAECOSTUS-CUSPIDATUS-A-SHORT-REVIEW-ON-ANTI-DIABETIC-PLANT Pharmacological"science]</ref><ref name="Leaf">[http://eolwww.stuartxchange.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"InsulinPlant Philippines medicinal plants]</ref><ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4uomicsonline.org/databaseopen-access/protav8chamaecostus-subsessilis-and-chamaecostus-cuspidatus-nees--martcspecht-and-dwstev-as-potential-sources-of-anticancer-agents-2329-6836-1000204.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"pdf Photochemical reseash]</ref>
</references>
==External Links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaecostus_cuspidatus Chamaecostus cuspidatus on wikipedia.org]*[http://www.stuartxchange.org/InsulinPlant Chamaecostus cuspidatus on stuartxchange.org]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Costaceae]]

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