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Anamirta cocculus - Garalaphala

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Garalaphala, Anamirta cocculus

Garalaphala is a large, dioecious climbing plant, with stems up to 15 metres long. These stems scramble over the ground and twine into other plants for support. The plant is not usually cultivated, but is often harvested from the wild for its medicinal uses.

Uses

Parts Used

Chemical Composition

The leaves and fruit contain picrotoxin (up to 5%) and alkaloids. Picrotoxin (sesquiterpene glycoside) is a powerful poison and nerve stimulant. Picrotoxin at 20 mg is toxic, and two to three berries are lethal. (Francis Brinker.) [2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada chippula kaayi, garuda phala, haenu beeja, kaage maari
Hindi kakmari
Malayalam nanjukuru, kantakakonnuveli, karantakam
Tamil kakamari, kakanacam, kakkai kolli, muratayam, nancukkottai, pen kottai
Telugu kaaka maari, kaaki chempa, koditige, thippathige
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit dhvankshanakhi, garalaphala, kakadani, kakamari, kakanashika, kakaphala, raktala
English Fish berry

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Teekshna (Strong)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple alternate 20-25 x 15-19 cm, glabrous, broadly ovate, apex acute, base truncate, margin entire; 5-ribbed, coriaceous; petiole 8-13 cm long.

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual large drooping panicles on old branches 9 Sepals 6 in 2 rows, 3 x 2 mm, ovate, yellow. Petals absent. Stamens 9, combined into a globose staminal column, anthers sessile; staminodes 9 in female flowers, obovate, scaly. Carpels 3, free; style absent; stigma recurved.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A drupe 1 cm obliquely ovoid, gibbous, black, smooth; seeds 1, black, glabrous. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

How to plant/cultivate

Season to grow

Soil type

Propagation

Commonly seen growing in areas

Photo Gallery

  • Young leaves

  • Leaves

  • Flowers

  • Leaf

  • Fruits

References

External Links

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