Doronicum orientale - Leopard's bane

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Arnica montana

Arnica is a genus of perennial plant, herbaceous plants in the sunflower family Asteraceae. The genus name Arnica may be derived from the Greek arni, "lamb", in reference to the plants' soft, hairy leaves. Arnica is also known by the names Mountain Tobacco and, confusingly, Leopard's bane and Wolfsbane—two names that it shares with the entirely unrelated genus Aconitum.

Uses

bruising, swelling, pain relief, arthritis, injuries.

Parts Used

Flowers head, Roots.

Chemical Composition

The main constituents of Arnica montana are essential oils, fatty acids, thymol, pseudoguaianolide sesquiterpene lactones and flavanone glycosides. Pseudoguaianolide sesquiterpenes constitute 0.2-0.8 % of the flower head of Arnica montana. They are the toxin helenalin and their fatty esters.[12] 2,5-Dimethoxy-p-cymene and thymol methyl ether are the primary components of essential oils from both the plant's roots and rhizomes

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada	Ativisa
Hindi	Atis
Malayalam	Ativisam
Tamil	Atividyam
Telugu	Ati visa
Marathi	NA
Gujarathi	NA
Punjabi	NA
Kashmiri	NA
Sanskrit	Ativisha
English	Indian Atees

Habit

Perennial herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Alternate	long-stalked	Leaves: Alternate, basal leaves long-stalked, stem leaves 3–4, short-stalked–stalkless. Blade ovate, cordate based, basal indentation shallow, margin irregularly toothed

.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Unisexual	3–9 cm	yellow	Stamens 5	Flowers form 3–9 cm (1.2–3.6 in.) wide, single flower-like capitula surrounded by involucral bracts.Capitula solitary, terminating the stem

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
			Shallowly grooved achene with unbranched hairs on tip		{{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

• Vishatinduka Taila as root juice extract

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

The more common species of Aconitum are generally those cultivated in gardens, especially hybrids. They typically thrive in well-drained evenly moist garden soils like the related hellebores and delphiniums, and can grow in the shade of trees.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Trophical region.

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