Catunaregam spinosa - Madanaphala

Madanaphala, Catunaregam spinosa

Madana consists of dried fruit of Xeromphis spinosa (Thunb) Keay, Syn Randia dumetorum Lam. (Fam. Rubiaceae), a deciduous thorny shrub or a small, tree, reaching a height upto 9 m and girth about a metre, branches numerous, thick and horizontal, found in sub-Himalayan tracts extending eastwards in Sikkim upto 1200 m and southwards to Peninsular India.

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada	Mangarikai, Karigidda, Madanaphala Maggrekai, Kari, Maggare Kayi
Hindi	Manphal
Malayalam	Malankara, Malamkarakka
Tamil	Marukkarai
Telugu	Mranga Kaya, Monga Kaya
Marathi	Gal, Galphala, Giephala, Madanphala
Gujarathi	Mindhal, Mindhol, Mindhar
Punjabi	Mindhal, Rara, Manphal
Kashmiri	Madanfal
Sanskrit	Maadani
English	Emetic nut

Chemical Composition

Essential oil, saponin, tannin and resin.

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Rasa

Tikta, Madhura

Guna

Laghu, Ruksha

Veerya

Ushna (heat)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Vamana, Lekhana

Habit

Shrub or small tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Simple	Opposite	Leaves opposite on short lateral branchlets, to 4.5 x 2 cm, obovate, obtuse, tomentose below, petiolate; stipule ovate, cuspidate.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Bisexual	Terminal	White fading to yellow	5	Leaves opposite on short lateral branchlets, to 4.5 x 2 cm, obovate, obtuse, tomentose below, petiolate; stipule ovate, cuspidate.

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
Berry	4 x 3cm	glabrous; seeds many, embedded in pulp		{{{5}}}	{{{6}}}

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area.

Photo Gallery

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External Links

THE AYURVEDIC PHARMACOPOEIA OF INDIAShrub