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Difference between revisions of "Viscum album - Mistletoe"

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[[File:Mistletoe in France.jpg|thumb|right|''Viscum album'', ''Mistletoe'']]
 
[[File:Mistletoe in France.jpg|thumb|right|''Viscum album'', ''Mistletoe'']]
  
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'''Mistletoe''' or '''Viscum album''' is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly known as European mistletoe, common mistletoe or simply as mistletoe (Old English mistle). It is native to Europe and western and southern Asia.
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'''Viscum album''' is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly known as European mistletoe, common mistletoe or simply as mistletoe. It is native to Europe and western and southern Asia.
  
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Viscum album is a hemiparasite on several species of trees, from which it draws water and nutrients. It has a significant role in European mythology, legends, and customs. In modern times, it is commonly featured in Christmas decoration and symbology.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|breast cancer}}, {{Uses|internal bleeding}}, {{Uses|hemorrhoids}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|headache}}, {{Uses|whooping cough}}, {{Uses|asthma}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|dizziness}}
  
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== Description ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Stems}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Plant proteins with high affinity to specific cellular glycoconjugates: Lectin I (D-galactose-and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, and sialoglycoproteins specific lectin)37,38,39,40,41, Lectin II and III (N-acetyl-D-galactosamine specific proteins).<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Perennial}}
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==Identification==
 +
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alteranate|Pairs of oval green leaves}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|mistletoe is dioecious meaning male and female flowers are produced on separate plants}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|7–10 mm|Waxy white berries in clusters of two to six|With hooked hairs|-}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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A parasitic plant, growing on the branches of several deciduous species of trees. It is not usually found on coniferous trees, though the subspecies V.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Grows on the branches of many trees}}, {{Commonly seen|Especially on calcareous soils}}, {{Commonly seen|On poplars}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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'Mistletoe' tree at Ickworth - geograph.org.uk - 1628877.jpg
 
   
 
   
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It is a hemi-parasitic shrub, which grows on the stems of other trees. It has stems 30–100 centimetres (12–39 in) long with dichotomous branching. The leaves are in opposite pairs, strap-shaped, entire, leathery textured, 2–8 centimetres (0.79–3.15 in) long, 0.8–2.5 centimetres (0.31–0.98 in) broad and are a yellowish-green in colour. This species is dioecious and the insect-pollinated flowers are inconspicuous, yellowish-green, 2–3 millimetres (0.079–0.118 in) diameter. The fruit is a white or yellow berry containing one (very rarely several) seed embedded in the very sticky, glutinous fruit pulp.
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20150403Viscum album1.jpg
  
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It is commonly found in the crowns of broad-leaved trees, particularly apple, lime (linden), hawthorn and poplar.<ref name="des"/>
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20130927Viscum album1.jpg
  
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== Uses ==
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20130927Viscum album2.jpg
  
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*Mistletoe is an ingredient of pomace brandy based liquor biska made in Istra, Croatia.
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*Mistletoe leaves and young twigs are used by herbalists, and preparations made from them are popular in Europe, especially in Germany, for attempting to treat circulatory and respiratory system problems.
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20160902Viscum album1.jpg
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*The sticky juice of mistletoe berries was used to make birdlime, an adhesive to trap small animals or birds
 
  
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==Common name==
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</gallery>
  
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* '''English''' - mistletoe
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==References==
  
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== References ==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/nutrition-research/learning-center/plant-profiler/viscum-album.html "chemical constituents"]</ref>
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<references>
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<ref name="des">[http://www.treecouncil.org.uk/ Tree News, Spring/Summer 2005,Publisher Felix Press]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/visiting-woods/trees-woods-and-wildlife/plants-and-fungi/woodland-wildflowers/mistletoe/ "plant description"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Viscum+album "Cultivation details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197811000779 Viscum album on sciencedirect]
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscum_album Viscum album-Wikipedia]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281738858_Chemical_constituents_of_Viscum_album_L_Implications_for_the_pharmaceutical_preparation_of_mistletoe
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Chemical constituents of Viscum album L.: Implications for the pharmaceutical preparation of mistletoe]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251565211_Chemical_constituents_of_Viscum_album_var_meridianum Chemical constituents of Viscum album var. meridianum]
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* [https://www.globalherbalsupplies.com/herb_information/agrimony.htm]
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* [https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/agrim015.html]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 17:45, 14 June 2018

Viscum album, Mistletoe

Viscum album is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly known as European mistletoe, common mistletoe or simply as mistletoe. It is native to Europe and western and southern Asia.

Uses

breast cancer, internal bleeding, hemorrhoids, gout, headache, whooping cough, asthma, Diarrhea, dizziness

Parts Used

Stems, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Plant proteins with high affinity to specific cellular glycoconjugates: Lectin I (D-galactose-and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, and sialoglycoproteins specific lectin)37,38,39,40,41, Lectin II and III (N-acetyl-D-galactosamine specific proteins).[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Agrimony


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Perennial

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alteranate Pairs of oval green leaves

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 mistletoe is dioecious meaning male and female flowers are produced on separate plants

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 7–10 mm Waxy white berries in clusters of two to six With hooked hairs - {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

A parasitic plant, growing on the branches of several deciduous species of trees. It is not usually found on coniferous trees, though the subspecies V.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Grows on the branches of many trees, Especially on calcareous soils, On poplars.

Photo Gallery

  • 'Mistletoe' tree at Ickworth - geograph.org.uk - 1628877.jpg
  • 20150403Viscum album1.jpg
  • 20130927Viscum album1.jpg
  • 20130927Viscum album2.jpg
  • 20160902Viscum album1.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "chemical constituents"
  2. ↑ "plant description"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation details"

External Links

Chemical constituents of Viscum album L.: Implications for the pharmaceutical preparation of mistletoe]
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