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Difference between revisions of "Mitragyna speciosa - Kratom"

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[[File:Kratom leafes.jpg|thumb|right|''Mitragyna speciosa'', ''kratom'']]
 
[[File:Kratom leafes.jpg|thumb|right|''Mitragyna speciosa'', ''kratom'']]
  
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'''Mitragyna speciosa Korth'''. (commonly known as '''kratom''', also '''ketum'''),<ref name="int"/> is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family (Rubiaceae) native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria (botanical regions). M. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.
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'''Mitragyna speciosa Korth''' is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family. and it is native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|vomiting}}, {{Uses|diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|anorexia}}, {{Uses|darkened and dry skin}}, {{Uses|psychosis}}, {{Uses|hypertension}}, {{Uses|indigestion}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|stomach-ache}}
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Mitragyna speciosa is an evergreen tree that can grow to a height of 25 m (82 ft) tall and the trunk may grow to a 0.9 m (3 ft) diameter. The trunk is generally straight and the outer bark is smooth and grey. The leaves are dark green and glossy, and can grow to over 14–20 cm (5.5–7.9 in) long and 7–12 cm (2.8–4.7 in) wide when fully open, are ovate-acuminate in shape, and opposite in growth pattern, with 12–17 pairs of veins. The flowers grow in clusters of three at the ends of the branches. The calyx-tube is 2 mm (0.079 in) long and has 5 lobes; the corolla-tube is 2.5–3 millimetres (0.098–0.118 in) long.
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
  
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*The leaves are chewed to relieve musculoskeletal pain, increase energy, appetite, and sexual desire in ways similar to khat and coca.
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==Chemical Composition==
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*The leaves or extracts from them are used to heal wounds and as a local anesthetic. Extracts and leaves have been used to treat coughs, diarrhea, and intestinal infections.
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Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in the leaves. It was first isolated in 1921 and its chemical structure was fully elucidated in 1964. The systematic (Chemical Abstract) name is (αE,2S,3S,12bS)-3-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydro-8-methoxy-α-(methoxymethylene)-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-2-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS Registry Number: 4098-40-2)<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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*Kratom is often used by workers in laborious or monotonous professions to stave off exhaustion as well as a mood enhancer and/or painkiller.
 
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*kratom was "used as a snack to receive guests and was part of the ritual worship of ancestors and gods.
 
  
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==Common name==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
  
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* '''English''' - kratom
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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== References ==
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===Rasa===
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<references>
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===Guna===
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<ref name="int">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?417532  Mitragyna speciosa information from NPGS/GRIN]</ref>
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</references>
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Semi-deciduous Tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|The leaves of the kratom tree are a dark green colour and can grow to over 7 inches (180 mm) long and 4 inches (100 mm) wide}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|3-5cm long|Yellow|5-20|The flowers are crowded in a round terminal inflorescences which are three to five centimeters long}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|simple|7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Kratom originates from hot, latitude part of the world, and therefore prefers warm latitude, even drench-like situations. Only this reason alone it makes growing Kratom naturally from seed in the open air is a difficult, at least if you want to see the sweet of growth that Kratom is able<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/drug-profiles/kratom "Pharmacology"]</ref>
  
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== External Links ==
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/1106532/details "plant description"]</ref>
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosa Mitragyna speciosa-Wikipedia]
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.vegetablegardener.com/item/63876/how-to-grow-kratom-plants " Growin of Kratom Plants"]</ref>
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</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/mitragyna-speciosa Mitragyna speciosa on sceince direct]
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* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11419-015-0305-6 Chemical characterization and in vitro cyto- and genotoxicity of ‘legal high’ products containing Kratom]
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* [http://eol.org/pages/1106532/details Mitragyna speciosa on encyclopedea of life]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 10:43, 24 May 2018

Mitragyna speciosa, kratom

Mitragyna speciosa Korth is a tropical evergreen tree in the coffee family. and it is native to Southeast Asia in the Indochina and Malaysia phytochoria. speciosa is indigenous to Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia, Myanmar, and Papua New Guinea where it has been used in traditional medicine since at least the nineteenth century.

Uses

vomiting, diarrhoea, anorexia, darkened and dry skin, psychosis, hypertension, indigestion, Diarrhea, stomach-ache

Parts Used

Dried Folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in the leaves. It was first isolated in 1921 and its chemical structure was fully elucidated in 1964. The systematic (Chemical Abstract) name is (αE,2S,3S,12bS)-3-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydro-8-methoxy-α-(methoxymethylene)-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine-2-acetic acid methyl ester (CAS Registry Number: 4098-40-2)[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Agrimony


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Semi-deciduous Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple alternate The leaves of the kratom tree are a dark green colour and can grow to over 7 inches (180 mm) long and 4 inches (100 mm) wide

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 3-5cm long Yellow 5-20 The flowers are crowded in a round terminal inflorescences which are three to five centimeters long

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
simple 7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Kratom originates from hot, latitude part of the world, and therefore prefers warm latitude, even drench-like situations. Only this reason alone it makes growing Kratom naturally from seed in the open air is a difficult, at least if you want to see the sweet of growth that Kratom is able[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tall grasslands, meadows, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "Pharmacology"
  2. ↑ "plant description"
  3. ↑ " Growin of Kratom Plants"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Mitragyna_speciosa_-_Kratom&oldid=15602"