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Difference between revisions of "Andrographis paniculata - Kalmegh"

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[[File:Andrographis paniculata (Kalpa) in Narshapur forest, AP W2 IMG 0867.jpg|thumb|right|''Kalmegh'', ''Andrographis paniculata'']]
 
[[File:Andrographis paniculata (Kalpa) in Narshapur forest, AP W2 IMG 0867.jpg|thumb|right|''Kalmegh'', ''Andrographis paniculata'']]
 
[[File:469px-Andrographis paniculata Plant.JPG|thumb|right|''Kalamegha'', ''Nelabevu'']]
 
[[File:469px-Andrographis paniculata Plant.JPG|thumb|right|''Kalamegha'', ''Nelabevu'']]
  
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Kalmegh or Andrographis paniculata is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|cancer}}, {{Uses|HIV}}, {{Uses|cough}}, {{Uses|cold}}, {{Uses|sinusitis}}, {{Uses|body pain}}, {{Uses|Liver problems}}, {{Uses|leprosy}}, {{Uses|cholera}}
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
  
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==Chemical Composition==
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Dihydroneobaicalein, andrographidine, andrographidine, andrographidine and, dihydroxy, dimethoxyflavone, beta-D-glucopyranoside, three diterpenoids: andrograpanin, neoandrographolide and andrographolide, two phenylpropanoids, trans-cinnamic acid and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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Kalmegh or Andrographis paniculata is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=hasi kiriyaatha, kaala megha|ml=cara-caniram, kiriyat|sa=bhunimba, bhunimbah|ta=anarivempucceti, anariyam|te=karivaemu, nela vemu|hi=chara-yetah, charayetaah|en=kariyat}}
  
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It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.<ref name="int"/>
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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== Traditional medicine ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Non-Palm Foliage|Foliar Venation is Pinnate / Net and Foliar Margin is Entire, Leaf Area 4.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Dicot)}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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Since ancient times, A. paniculata has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic systems of medicine as well as in tribal medicine in India. This plant is a major ingredient of the polyherbal formulation by the name "Nilavembu kudineer choornam" in Siddha medicine.
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
  
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According to the Mayo Clinic Book of Alternative Medicine, "A specific product (andrographis combined with Eleutherococcus senticosus) may shorten the duration and lessen the symptoms of common cold." It also says, "Pregnant women shouldn't use andrographis because it could terminate pregnancy.
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
  
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== Medical use ==
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===Other features===
  
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A review concluded that existing evidence from controlled clinical trials supports a role for A. paniculata in the treatment of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections.
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
  
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There is no evidence of its effectiveness in cancer treatment.<ref name="uses"/>
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
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==Common name==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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In India, it is cultivated as rainy season (Kharif) crop. Any soil having fair amount of organic matter is suitable for commercial cultivation of this crop. About 400 gms. seed are sufficient for one hectare<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
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* '''English''' - Green chirayta
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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* '''Kannada''' - ನೆಲಬೇವು
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{{Commonly seen|Village groves}}, {{Commonly seen|roadsides}}, {{Commonly seen|waste places}}.
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* '''Hindi''' - कीरायत
 
  
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== References ==
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21626787 "ncbi resource"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/special-pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=1665 "national park plants"]</ref>
 
   
 
   
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<references>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://www.kisaanhelpline.com/crops/product/17_Kalmegh "kissan helpline"]</ref>
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<ref name="int">[http://envis.frlht.org/botanical_search.php?txtbtname=Andrographis+paniculata+%28BURM.F.%29WALLICH+EX+NEES.&gesp=181%7CAndrographis+paniculata+%28BURM.F.%29WALLICH+EX+NEES. "Traded Medicinal Plants Database"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="uses">[http://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/herb/andrographis Andrographis paniculata-Wikipedia]</ref>
 
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/andrographis-herb.html]
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrographis_paniculata Andrographis paniculata-Wikipedia]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4032030/]
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* [https://www.bimbima.com/ayurveda/medicinal-use-of-kalmegh-andrographis-paniculata/1483/]
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* [https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/andrographis-paniculata-a-review-of-its-traditional-uses-phytochemistry-and-pharmacology-2167-0412.1000169.php?aid=33645]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 16:28, 24 April 2018

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Kalmegh, Andrographis paniculata
Kalamegha, Nelabevu

Kalmegh or Andrographis paniculata is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.It is widely cultivated in Southern and Southeastern Asia, where it has been traditionally used to treat infections and some diseases. Mostly the leaves and roots were used for medicinal purposes. The whole plant is also used in some cases.

Uses

cancer, HIV, cough, cold, sinusitis, body pain, Liver problems, leprosy, cholera

Parts Used

Leaves, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Dihydroneobaicalein, andrographidine, andrographidine, andrographidine and, dihydroxy, dimethoxyflavone, beta-D-glucopyranoside, three diterpenoids: andrograpanin, neoandrographolide and andrographolide, two phenylpropanoids, trans-cinnamic acid and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada hasi kiriyaatha, kaala megha
Hindi chara-yetah, charayetaah
Malayalam cara-caniram, kiriyat
Tamil anarivempucceti, anariyam
Telugu karivaemu, nela vemu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit bhunimba, bhunimbah
English kariyat


Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Non-Palm Foliage Foliar Venation is Pinnate / Net and Foliar Margin is Entire, Leaf Area 4.5 (Shrub & Groundcover - Dicot)

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

In India, it is cultivated as rainy season (Kharif) crop. Any soil having fair amount of organic matter is suitable for commercial cultivation of this crop. About 400 gms. seed are sufficient for one hectare[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Village groves, roadsides, waste places.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "ncbi resource"
  2. ↑ "national park plants"
  3. ↑ "kissan helpline"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Andrographis_paniculata_-_Kalmegh&oldid=13900"