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Difference between revisions of "Bambusoideae - Bamboos"
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[[File:Trilha do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos Sede Petrópolis.jpg|thumb|right|''Bamboo'']] | [[File:Trilha do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos Sede Petrópolis.jpg|thumb|right|''Bamboo'']] | ||
| − | The '''bamboos''' are a subfamily (Bambusoideae) of flowering perennial evergreen plants in the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. In bamboo, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world. | + | The '''bamboos''' are a subfamily (Bambusoideae) of flowering perennial evergreen plants in the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. In bamboo, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world.The word bamboo comes from the Kannada term bambu, which was introduced to English through Indonesian and Malay. |
| + | |||
| + | ==Uses== | ||
| + | {{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Parts Used== | ||
| + | {{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Chemical Composition== | ||
| + | Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone | ||
| + | gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Common names== | ||
| + | {{Common names|kn=āvarike|ml=|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=āvārai|te=taṃgēḍu|hi=Tarwar|en=Avaram senna}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Habit== | ||
| + | {{Habit|branched shrub}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Identification== | ||
| + | ===Leaf=== | ||
| + | {{Leaf|alternate|stipulate|The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends}}.<ref name="Leaf"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Flower=== | ||
| + | {{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Fruit=== | ||
| + | {{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Other features=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used== | ||
| + | * [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract'' | ||
| − | + | ==Where to get the saplings== | |
| + | ==Mode of Propagation== | ||
| + | {{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}. | ||
| − | == | + | ==How to plant/cultivate== |
| + | Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> | ||
| − | + | ==Commonly seen growing in areas== | |
| + | {{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}. | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | ==Photo Gallery== | |
| − | + | <gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px"> | |
| − | + | File:მოსო ბამბუკი.JPG|''[[Phyllostachys pubescens]]'' in [[Batumi Botanical Garden]] | |
| − | + | File:Bamboo forest 01.jpg|Bamboo forest in [[Arashiyama]] | |
| − | + | File:Trilha do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos Sede Petrópolis.jpg|[[Serra dos Órgãos National Park]], [[Brazil]] | |
| − | + | File:Bamboo123.jpg|Bamboo forest in [[KwaZulu-Natal]] | |
| − | + | File:Bamboo bambou bambuseae phyllostachys VAN DEN HENDE ALAIN CC-BY-SA-4 0 210520142095.jpg|Bamboo forest in [[Isère]], [[France]] | |
| + | File:Bamboo forest at Rutgers University botanical gardens.JPG|Bamboo forest in [[New Jersey]] | ||
| + | File:2288 - bamboo - Alain Van den Hende 17072288 Licence CC BY-SA-3.0.jpg|Bamboo forest in [[France]] | ||
| + | File:Bamboo forest, Taiwan.jpg|Bamboo forest in Taiwan | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| − | == | + | ==References== |
| − | + | <references> | |
| − | + | <ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref> | |
| − | + | <ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"]</ref> | |
| + | <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"]</ref> | ||
| + | </references> | ||
| − | == External Links == | + | ==External Links== |
| − | |||
| − | [[Category: | + | [[Category:Herbs]] |
Revision as of 09:29, 13 April 2018
This page is a stub. Learn how you can help expanding it.
The bamboos are a subfamily (Bambusoideae) of flowering perennial evergreen plants in the grass family Poaceae. Giant bamboos are the largest members of the grass family. In bamboo, the internodal regions of the stem are usually hollow and the vascular bundles in the cross section are scattered throughout the stem instead of in a cylindrical arrangement. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing plants in the world.The word bamboo comes from the Kannada term bambu, which was introduced to English through Indonesian and Malay.
Contents
Uses
rheumatism, eye diseases, gonorrhea, diabetes, gout, diabetes.
Parts Used
Chemical Composition
Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17[1]
Common names
| Language | Common name |
|---|---|
| Kannada | āvarike |
| Hindi | Tarwar |
| Malayalam | |
| Tamil | āvārai |
| Telugu | taṃgēḍu |
| Marathi | NA |
| Gujarathi | NA |
| Punjabi | NA |
| Kashmiri | NA |
| Sanskrit | Aaavartaki |
| English | Avaram senna |
Habit
Identification
Leaf
| Kind | Shape | Feature |
|---|---|---|
| alternate | stipulate | The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends |
.[2]
Flower
| Type | Size | Color and composition | Stamen | More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bisexual | 2.5 cm long | bright yellow | 5-20 | The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules. |
Fruit
| Type | Size | Mass | Appearance | Seeds | More information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short legume | 7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad | clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown | oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown. | 12-20 seeds | {{{6}}} |
Other features
List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used
- Vishatinduka Taila as root juice extract
Where to get the saplings
Mode of Propagation
How to plant/cultivate
Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.[3]
Commonly seen growing in areas
dry regions of India, sea coast, dry zone in Sri Lanka.
Photo Gallery
- Მოსო ბამბუკი.JPG
Bamboo forest in Arashiyama
Bamboo forest in KwaZulu-Natal
Bamboo forest in New Jersey
Bamboo forest in France
Bamboo forest in Taiwan
References
External Links
Categories:
- Pages with broken file links
- Pages that are stubs
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat rheumatism
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat eye diseases
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat gonorrhea
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat diabetes
- Ayurvedic Herbs known to be helpful to treat gout
- Herbs with Root used in medicine
- Herbs with Bark used in medicine
- Herbs with Leaves used in medicine
- Herbs with common name in Kannada
- Herbs with common name in Hindi
- Herbs with common name in Tamil
- Herbs with common name in Telugu
- Herbs with common name in Sanskrit
- Herbs with common name in English
- Habit - branched shrub
- Index of Plants which can be propagated by Seeds
- Index of Plants which can be propagated by Cuttings
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of dry regions of India
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of sea coast
- Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of dry zone in Sri Lanka
- Herbs
