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Difference between revisions of "Acacia nilotica - Aaavartaki"

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{{stub}}
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[[File:Babool(Acacia nilotica) flowers at Hodal.jpg|thumb|right|''Vachellia nilotica'',''Babul'']]
 
[[File:Babool(Acacia nilotica) flowers at Hodal.jpg|thumb|right|''Vachellia nilotica'',''Babul'']]
  
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Babul or Vachellia nilotica widely known by the taxonomic synonym Acacia nilotica, or common names  [[Gum arabic]], कीकर '''Kikar''' (Hindi), बबूल '''Babul''' (Marathi), '''Nalla tumma''' (Telugu), '''Babli''' (Kannada), '''Karivelam''' (Malayalam), '''kaRuvELai''' (Tamil), '''Babaria''' (Gujarati)
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Vachellia nilotica is a tree 5–20 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum.
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Botanical name: '''Acacia nilotica subsp, indica'''<ref name="common names"/>
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone
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gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Babli|ml=Karivelam|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=karuvelai|te=Nalla tumma|hi=Babool|en=Gum Arabic}}
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|alternate|stipulate|The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Vachellia nilotica is a tree 5–20 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum. The tree has thin, straight, light, grey spines in axillary pairs, usually in 3 to 12 pairs, 5 to 7.5 cm (3 in) long in young trees, mature trees commonly without thorns. The leaves are bipinnate, with 3–6 pairs of pinnulae and 10–30 pairs of leaflets each, tomentose, rachis with a gland at the bottom of the last pair of pinnulae. Flowers in globulous heads 1.2–1.5 cm in diameter of a bright golden-yellow color, set up either axillary or whorly on peduncles 2–3 cm long located at the end of the branches. Pods are strongly constricted, hairy, white-grey, thick and softly tomentose. Its seeds number approximately 8000/kg.<ref name="description/>
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
  
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*The tender twig of this plant is used as a toothbrush in south-east Africa and India.
 
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*The exudate gum of this tree is known as gum arabic and has been collected from the pharaonic times for the manufacture of medicines, dyes and paints
 
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*The tree's wood is "very durable if water-seasoned" and its uses include tool handles and lumber for boats.<ref name="uses"/>
 
  
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==common name==
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Vachellia nilotica, Village Behlolpur, Punjab, India.JPG
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File:Vachellia nilotica, at village Chaparr Chirri, Mohali, Punjab, India.JPG
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File:Acacia-nilotica.jpg
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File:Acacia nilotica, peule, a, Uniegeboutuine.jpg
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File:Gum Arabic exuding.jpg
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File:Babool (Acacia nilotica) trunk at Hodal W IMG 1252.jpg
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</gallery>
  
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* '''English''' - Babul
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==References==
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* '''Kannada''' - Babli
 
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* '''Hindi''' - कीकर
 
  
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== References ==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref>
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<references>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"]</ref>
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<ref name="common names">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Babool.html "Flowers of India"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"]</ref>
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<ref name="description">[http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/Q2190E/Q2190E10.htm "Handbook on Seeds of Dry-zone Acacias FAO"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="uses">[https://books.google.com/books?id=CfDcl2m-6BMC&pg=PA7&dq=%22acacia+longifolia%22+uses "Select extra-tropical plants readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalization"]</ref>
 
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vachellia_nilotica Vachellia nilotica -Wikipedia]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 15:57, 11 April 2018

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Vachellia nilotica,Babul

Vachellia nilotica is a tree 5–20 m high with a dense spheric crown, stems and branches usually dark to black coloured, fissured bark, grey-pinkish slash, exuding a reddish low quality gum.

Uses

rheumatism, eye diseases, gonorrhea, diabetes, gout, diabetes.

Parts Used

Root, Bark, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Babli
Hindi Babool
Malayalam Karivelam
Tamil karuvelai
Telugu Nalla tumma
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Aaavartaki
English Gum Arabic


Habit

tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
alternate stipulate The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends

.[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
bisexual 2.5 cm long bright yellow 5-20 The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
short legume 7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown. 12-20 seeds {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

dry regions of India, sea coast, dry zone in Sri Lanka.


Photo Gallery

  • Vachellia nilotica, Village Behlolpur, Punjab, India.JPG
  • Vachellia nilotica, at village Chaparr Chirri, Mohali, Punjab, India.JPG
  • Acacia-nilotica.jpg
  • Acacia nilotica, peule, a, Uniegeboutuine.jpg
  • Gum Arabic exuding.jpg
  • Babool (Acacia nilotica) trunk at Hodal W IMG 1252.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "Pharmacological"
  2. ↑ "eol.ord"
  3. ↑ "prota4u"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Acacia_nilotica_-_Aaavartaki&oldid=11832"