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Difference between revisions of "Polygala senega - Senegaroot"

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Polygala senega is a species of flowering plant in the milkwort family, Polygalaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed in southern Canada and the central and eastern United States.<ref name="int"/> Its common names include Seneca snakeroot,<ref name="int2"/> senega snakeroot, senegaroot,<ref name="int"/> rattlesnake root, and mountain flax.
 
Polygala senega is a species of flowering plant in the milkwort family, Polygalaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed in southern Canada and the central and eastern United States.<ref name="int"/> Its common names include Seneca snakeroot,<ref name="int2"/> senega snakeroot, senegaroot,<ref name="int"/> rattlesnake root, and mountain flax.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|chronic bronchitis}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|emphysema}}, {{Uses|Rattlesnake bite}}, {{Uses|Phlegm}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
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This species is a perennial herb with multiple stems up to 50 centimeters tall. The stems are usually unbranched, but some old plants can have branching stems. A mature plant can have up to 70 stems growing from a hard, woody rootstock that spreads horizontally. The lance-shaped leaves are alternately arranged. The lower leaves are reduced and scale-like. The inflorescence is a spike of rounded white or greenish flowers. The fruit is a capsule containing two hairy black seeds. The root is twisted and conical, with a scent somewhat like wintergreen and a very pungent taste. There are two root morphs; a northern morph growing in Canada and toward Minnesota has larger roots up to 15 centimeters long by 1.2 wide which are dark brown and sometimes purplish toward the top, and a southern morph found in the southeastern United States that has smaller, yellow-brown roots.
 
  
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The plant grows on prairies and in woods and wet shoreline and riverbank habitat. It grows in thin, rocky, usually calcareous soils. It also occurs in disturbed habitat, such as roadsides.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Dried Root}}.
 +
==Chemical Composition==
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Seneca snakeroot contains a series of saponins constructed from the 2,3,27-trihydroxy-oleanane 23,28-dioic acid triterpene skeleton (presenegenin)<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=cenakanankai|te=|hi=|en=milkwort, rattlesnake root,}}
  
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*Its species name honors the Seneca people, a Native American group who used the plant to treat snakebite.
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==Properties==
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*The Cherokee<ref name="uses2"/> used it as an expectorant and a diuretic, and for inflammation, croup, and common cold.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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*The Chippewa<ref name="uses"/> used preparations of the root to treat convulsions and bleeding wounds.
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===Dravya===
  
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==Common name==
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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* '''English''' - Senega snakeroot
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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== References ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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<references>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|The leaves are simple i.e lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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<ref name="int">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?29219 Polygala senega.]</ref>
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<ref name="int2">[https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=POSE3 "Polygala senega". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 11 October 2015.]</ref>
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===Flower===
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<ref name="uses">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ojibwe "Cherokee"] Wikipedia</ref>
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|white|8|Flowers Season is June - August and the flower is bilaterally symmetrical}}
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<ref name="uses2">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee "Cherokee "] Wikipedia</ref>
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|3–3.5 mm|the fruit is dry and splits open when ripe||many}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
 +
 
 +
==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Prefers a moderately fertile moisture-retentive well-drained soil, succeeding in full sun if the soil remains moist throughout the growing season<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 +
 
 +
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
 +
 
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==References==
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 +
<references>  
 +
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.drugs.com/npp/senega-root.html "Chemistry"]</ref>
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 +
<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/polygala/senega/ "plant characteristics"]</ref>
 +
 
 +
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Polygala+senega "Cultivation details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-679/senega Polygala senega on illinoiswildflowers.info]
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* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/senega-root.html Senega Root Uses, Benefits and Side Effects]
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* [https://www.henriettes-herb.com/eclectic/kings/polygala.html Polygala senega on henrites herbal home page]
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* [http://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/56cdc31dab54ae2561516fd092b3696c/bc6cb1156c38c632387db988771d9c12 Polygala senega on envis centre on medicinal house]
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygala_senega Polygala senega - Wikipedia]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 13:00, 31 May 2018

Polygala senega, senegaroot

Polygala senega is a species of flowering plant in the milkwort family, Polygalaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed in southern Canada and the central and eastern United States.[1] Its common names include Seneca snakeroot,[2] senega snakeroot, senegaroot,[1] rattlesnake root, and mountain flax.

Uses

Asthma, chronic bronchitis, Snakebites, emphysema, Rattlesnake bite, Phlegm, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Dried Root.

Chemical Composition

Seneca snakeroot contains a series of saponins constructed from the 2,3,27-trihydroxy-oleanane 23,28-dioic acid triterpene skeleton (presenegenin)[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil cenakanankai
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English milkwort, rattlesnake root,


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate The leaves are simple i.e lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long white 8 Flowers Season is June - August and the flower is bilaterally symmetrical

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 3–3.5 mm the fruit is dry and splits open when ripe many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Prefers a moderately fertile moisture-retentive well-drained soil, succeeding in full sun if the soil remains moist throughout the growing season[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tall grasslands, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named int
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named int2
  3. ↑ "Chemistry"
  4. ↑ "plant characteristics"
  5. ↑ "Cultivation details"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Polygala_senega_-_Senegaroot&oldid=15965"