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Difference between revisions of "Rubia cordifolia - Manjishtha"

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'''Manjishtha''' or '''Rubia cordifolia''', often known as common madder or Indian madder, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. It has been cultivated for a red pigment derived from roots.
 
'''Manjishtha''' or '''Rubia cordifolia''', often known as common madder or Indian madder, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. It has been cultivated for a red pigment derived from roots.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
 +
{{Uses|Uterine bleeding}}, {{Uses|Internal and external haemorrhage}}, {{Uses|bronchitis}}, {{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|stones in the kidney}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|bladder and gall}}, {{Uses|dysentery}}, {{Uses|Febrifuge}}
 +
 
 +
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Fruits}}.
 +
 
 +
==Chemical Composition==
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Hydroxy-3-ethyl, anthraquinone, dihydroxy, pentyl-naphthaquinonyl, phenanthrene<ref name="chemical composition"/>
 +
 
 +
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Chitravalli, Manjista|ml=Chovvallikkoti, Man-chetti|sa=Aruna, Asra|ta=Manjitti, Sevvelli|te=Chiranji, Manjishta|hi=Majith|en=Indian Madder, Common Madder}}
 +
 
 +
==Properties==
 +
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
 +
===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
 +
 
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Perennial plant}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Ovate|The evergreen leaves are 5-10 cm long and 2-3 cm broad, produced in whorls of 4-7 starlike around the central stem}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|3-5 mm|Yellow|5-20|The flowers are small, with five greenish yellow or pale yellow petals, in dense racemes}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|black berry|4-6 mm|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|many}}
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 +
===Other features===
 +
 
 +
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 +
* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
 +
 
 +
==Where to get the saplings==
 +
==Mode of Propagation==
 +
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 +
 
 +
==How to plant/cultivate==
 +
Rubia cordifolia is a very adaptable plant, found growing in a range of climates from warm temperate to tropical<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 +
 
 +
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 +
{{Commonly seen|Forest edges}}, {{Commonly seen|Scrub vegetation and dune forest}}, {{Commonly seen|Rocky areas}}.
 +
 
 +
==Photo Gallery==
 +
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Majitha (Gujarati- મજીઠ) (4846791432).jpg
 
   
 
   
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It can grow to 1.5 m in height. The evergreen leaves are 5–10 cm long and 2–3 cm broad, produced in whorls of 4-7 starlike around the central stem. It climbs with tiny hooks at the leaves and stems. The flowers are small (3–5 mm across), with five pale yellow petals, in dense racemes, and appear from June to August, followed by small (4–6 mm diameter) red to black berries. The roots can be over 1 m long, up to 12 mm thick. It prefers loamy soils with a constant level of moisture. Madders are used as food plants for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Hummingbird hawk moth.
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Mancitti (Tamil- மஞ்சிட்டி) (4846178555).jpg
  
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== Uses ==
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 +
Manjishta (Marathi- मंजिष्ठ) (6331765104).jpg
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Manjishta (Telugu- మంజిష్ఠ) (6331763392).jpg
  
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Rubia cordifolia was an economically important source of a red pigment in many regions of Asia, Europe and Africa. It was extensively cultivated from antiquity until the mid nineteenth century. The plant's roots contain an organic compound called Alizarin, that gives its red colour to a textile dye known as Rose madder. It was also used as a colourant, especially for paint, that is referred to as Madder lake.
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Manjishtha (Sanskrit- मञ्जिष्ठा) (6331764728).jpg
  
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It is known as btsod in Traditional Tibetan Medicine where it is used to treat blood disorders; spread heat , excess heat in the lungs, kidneys, and intestines; reduce swelling; and is a component of the three reds , a subcompound included in many Tibetan preparations in order to remove excess heat in the blood.
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</gallery>
  
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==References==
  
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==Common name==
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<references>
 +
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://ijpsr.com/bft-article/rubia-cordifolia-a-review-on-pharmaconosy-and-phytochemistry/?view=fulltext "Phytochemical Studies"]</ref>
  
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* '''English''' - Rubia cordifolia
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Indian%20Madder.html "plant decsripiton"]</ref>
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* '''Kannada''' - ಮಂಜಿಷ್ಟ
 
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* '''Hindi''' - मजीठ
 
  
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== External Links ==
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Rubia+cordifolia "Cultivation Details"]</ref>
 +
</references>
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubia_cordifolia Rubia cordifolia-Wikipedia]
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/manjistha-rubia-cordifolia Rubia cordifolia on planet ayurveda]
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* [https://www.mdidea.com/products/proper/proper09702.html Rubia cordifolia on Rubia cordifolia Plant Descriptions and Source.]
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* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/231021 Rubia cordifolia on india biodiversity portal]
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* [https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Rubia+cordifolia+L. Rubia cordifolia on port4.org]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 13:18, 4 June 2018

Manjishtha, Rubia cordifolia

Manjishtha or Rubia cordifolia, often known as common madder or Indian madder, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family, Rubiaceae. It has been cultivated for a red pigment derived from roots.

Uses

Uterine bleeding, Internal and external haemorrhage, bronchitis, rheumatism, stones in the kidney, Blotches, bladder and gall, dysentery, Febrifuge

Parts Used

Leaves, Fruits.

Chemical Composition

Hydroxy-3-ethyl, anthraquinone, dihydroxy, pentyl-naphthaquinonyl, phenanthrene[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Chitravalli, Manjista
Hindi Majith
Malayalam Chovvallikkoti, Man-chetti
Tamil Manjitti, Sevvelli
Telugu Chiranji, Manjishta
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Aruna, Asra
English Indian Madder, Common Madder


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Perennial plant

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Ovate The evergreen leaves are 5-10 cm long and 2-3 cm broad, produced in whorls of 4-7 starlike around the central stem

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 3-5 mm Yellow 5-20 The flowers are small, with five greenish yellow or pale yellow petals, in dense racemes

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
black berry 4-6 mm clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Rubia cordifolia is a very adaptable plant, found growing in a range of climates from warm temperate to tropical[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Forest edges, Scrub vegetation and dune forest, Rocky areas.

Photo Gallery

  • Majitha (Gujarati- મજીઠ) (4846791432).jpg
  • Mancitti (Tamil- மஞ்சிட்டி) (4846178555).jpg
  • Manjishta (Marathi- मंजिष्ठ) (6331765104).jpg
  • Manjishta (Telugu- మంజిష్ఠ) (6331763392).jpg
  • Manjishtha (Sanskrit- मञ्जिष्ठा) (6331764728).jpg

References

  1. ↑ "Phytochemical Studies"
  2. ↑ "plant decsripiton"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation Details"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Rubia_cordifolia_-_Manjishtha&oldid=16186"