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Difference between revisions of "Pongamia pinnata - Naktamala"

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[[File:Pongamia pinnata.jpg|thumb|right|''Naktamala'', ''Pongamia pinnata'']]
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[[File:Pongamia pinnata.jpg|200px|thumb|right|''Naktamala'', ''Pongamia pinnata'']]
  
 
'''Naktamala''' is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native in tropical and temperate Asia including parts of Indian subcontinent, China, Japan, Malesia, Australia and Pacific islands.
 
'''Naktamala''' is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native in tropical and temperate Asia including parts of Indian subcontinent, China, Japan, Malesia, Australia and Pacific islands.
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Wound}}, {{Uses|Infectious diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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Naktamala is a legume tree that grows to about 15–25 metres (50–80 ft) in height with a large canopy which spreads equally wide. It may be deciduous for short periods. It has a straight or crooked trunk, 50–80 centimetres (20–30 in) in diameter, with grey-brown bark which is smooth or vertically fissured. Branches are glabrous with pale stipulate scars. The imparipinnate leaves of the tree alternate and are short-stalked, rounded or cuneate at the base, ovate or oblong along the length, obtuse-acuminate at the apex, and not toothed on the edges. They are a soft, shiny burgundy when young and mature to a glossy, deep green as the season progresses with prominent veins underneath.<ref name="int"/>
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Tender shoots}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Flowers}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}.
  
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== Uses ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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Indian beech tree is reported to contain alkaloids demethoxy-kanugin, gamatay, glabrin, glabrosaponin, kaempferol, kanjone, kanugin, karangin, neoglabrin, pinnatin, pongamol, pongapin, quercitin, saponin, b-sitosterol, and tannin.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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Naktamala is renowned for its shade and is well known in traditional uses for its medicinal properties. It is also grown as a host plant for lac insects. The tree is also one of the food plants for Common Cerulean (Jamides celeno). The seeds contain pongam oil that is now being explored as an alternate fuel source.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Honge|ml=Ponnu, Unnu|sa=Karanjah|ta=Pungai|te=Pungu|hi=Aranj|en=Pongam Tree, Indian Beech Tree}}
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Leaves alternate, imparipinnate with long slender leafstalk, hairless}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|4-5 mm long|Yellow|5-20|Inflorescence raceme-like, axillary, 6-27 cm long, bearing pairs of strongly
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fragrant flowers}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm |Plattened but slightly swollen, slightly curved with short, curved|With hooked hairs|Many}}
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Native to humid tropical and subtropical environments, it is found at elevations from sea level to 1,200 metres<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Lowland forest}}, {{Commonly seen|Rocky coral outcrops on the coast}}, {{Commonly seen|Along the edges}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) trunk in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 6660.jpg
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 +
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Karanj.jpg
  
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== References ==
 
 
   
 
   
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<references>
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Karanja (Bengali- করঞ্জ) (7211125188).jpg
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<ref name="int">[http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Pongamia_pinnata.PDF "Pongamia pinnata; Fabaceae - Papilionoideae; (L.) Pierre; pongam, karanj, karanga, kanji"]</ref>
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.spicesmedicinalherbs.com/pongamia-pinnata.html Constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archhttp://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Pongamia_pinnata.PDF Plants characterristics]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Pongamia+pinnata Cultivation details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2017/05/01/indian-beech-home-remedies/ Pongamia pinnata plants home remedies]
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* [http://www.medicinalplantsindia.com/indian-beech.html Pongamia pinnata on medicinal plants india.com]
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* [https://sites.google.com/site/medicinalplantshealing/list-of-plants/indian-beech  Pongamia pinnata on meidicnal plants]
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millettia_pinnata "Millettia pinnata-Wikipedia"]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Repeat plant]]

Latest revision as of 15:36, 3 June 2023

Naktamala, Pongamia pinnata

Naktamala is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native in tropical and temperate Asia including parts of Indian subcontinent, China, Japan, Malesia, Australia and Pacific islands.

Uses

Cough, Cuts, Fever, Wounds, Skin eruptions, Wound, Infectious diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Tender shoots, Leaves, Roots, Flowers, Seeds.

Chemical Composition

Indian beech tree is reported to contain alkaloids demethoxy-kanugin, gamatay, glabrin, glabrosaponin, kaempferol, kanjone, kanugin, karangin, neoglabrin, pinnatin, pongamol, pongapin, quercitin, saponin, b-sitosterol, and tannin.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Honge
Hindi Aranj
Malayalam Ponnu, Unnu
Tamil Pungai
Telugu Pungu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Karanjah
English Pongam Tree, Indian Beech Tree


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Leaves alternate, imparipinnate with long slender leafstalk, hairless

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 4-5 mm long Yellow 5-20 Inflorescence raceme-like, axillary, 6-27 cm long, bearing pairs of strongly

fragrant flowers

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm Plattened but slightly swollen, slightly curved with short, curved With hooked hairs Many {{{6}}}

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Native to humid tropical and subtropical environments, it is found at elevations from sea level to 1,200 metres[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Lowland forest, Rocky coral outcrops on the coast, Along the edges.

Photo Gallery

  • Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) trunk in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 6660.jpg
  • Karanj.jpg
  • Karanja (Bengali- করঞ্জ) (7211125188).jpg

References

  1. ↑ Constituents
  2. ↑ Plants characterristics
  3. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Pongamia_pinnata_-_Naktamala&oldid=57379"