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Difference between revisions of "Atropa belladonna - Suchi, Deadly nightshade"

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[[File:Atropa Bella-donna3.jpg|thumb|right|''Atropa belladonna'', ''Suchi'']]
 
[[File:Atropa Bella-donna3.jpg|thumb|right|''Atropa belladonna'', ''Suchi'']]
  
'''Atropa belladonna''', commonly known as '''belladonna''' or '''deadly nightshade''', is a perennial herbaceous plant (rhizomatous hemicryptophyte) in the Nightshade family (which includes tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, etc.) Solanaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia.
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'''Atropa belladonna''' commonly known as '''belladonna''' or '''deadly nightshade''', is a perennial herbaceous plant (rhizomatous hemicryptophyte) in the Nightshade family (which includes tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, etc.) Solanaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia.
  
Atropa belladonna has unpredictable effects. The antidote for belladonna poisoning is physostigmine or pilocarpine, the same as for atropine.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Irritable bowel syndrome}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Cold}}, {{Uses|Hay fever}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhoids}}, {{Uses|Motion sickness}}, {{Uses|Nerve problems}}, {{Uses|Spasms}}, {{Uses|Whooping cough}}.
  
== Description ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Tops}}
Atropa belladonna is a branching herbaceous perennial, often growing as a subshrub, from a fleshy rootstock. Plants grow to 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall with ovate leaves 18 centimetres (7.1 in) long. The bell-shaped flowers are dull purple with green tinges and faintly scented. The fruits are berries, which are green, ripening to a shiny-black, and approximately 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) in diameter. The berries are sweet and are consumed by animals (see Toxicity) that disperse the seeds in their droppings, even though the seeds contain toxic alkaloids. There is a pale-yellow flowering form called Atropa belladonna var. lutea with pale-yellow fruit.
 
  
== Uses ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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hemical Composition.—The chief and most interesting constituent of belladonna is the alkaloid atropine (C17H23NO3) (see Atropina), first obtained in crystalline condition from the root by Mein and from the herb by Geiger and Hesse (Pharmacographia)<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
*Drops prepared from the belladonna plant were used to dilate women's pupils, an effect considered to be attractive and seductive.
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==Common names==
*Belladonna has been used in herbal medicine for centuries as a pain reliever, muscle relaxer, and anti-inflammatory, and to treat menstrual problems, peptic ulcer disease, histaminic reaction, and motion sickness.<ref name="uses"/>
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{{Common names|Knlusarne soppu, Vilaayiti hullu|ml=|sa=Suchi|ta=Bellatona, Pelletonacceti|te=|hi=Angur Shefa, Luckmuna|en=Belladonna, Devil's Cherries}}
*Belladonna preparations are used in homeopathy as alleged treatments for various conditions.<ref name="uses2"/>
 
  
== References ==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
<references>
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===Dravya===
<ref name="uses">[https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/531.html "belladonna"]</ref>
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<ref name="uses2>[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mMl9vwVDxigC&pg=PA59&lpg=PA59&dq=%22deadly+nightshade%22+homeopathic&redir_esc=y&hl=en "The Oxford Book of Health Foods"]</ref>
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===Rasa===
</references>
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===Guna===
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|perennial branching herb }}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|simple|deciduous|Atropa belladonna is deciduous. The leaves are simple. They are ovate}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|pale lavender||violet|6-12 mm long|From June to July Atropa belladonna produces solitary pendant auburn flowers that are double and campanulate flowers}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|loose spiral| A curved or loose spiral seed pod is present|nil|seeds are yellow to brow.n in colour|10 to 20 seed}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Stem cutting}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Atropa belladonna is rarely used in gardens, but, when grown, it is usually for its large upright habit and showy berries. Germination of the small seeds is often difficult, due to hard seed coats that cause seed dormancy. Germination takes several weeks under alternating temperature conditions, but can be sped up with the use of gibberellic acid. The seedlings need sterile soil to prevent damping off and resent root disturbance during transplanting.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Western Himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|Open woodland}}, {{Commonly seen|Moisty soil area}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Sýkořice, zvonec.jpg|Flower
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File:Atropa-bella-donna Staude 102 b.jpg|Buds
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File:Atropa belladona eu 76 14062008 1.jpg|Leaves
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File:Bele-dame Prwaji voye.JPG|Fruits
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</gallery>
  
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==References==
  
== External Links ==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.henriettes-herb.com/eclectic/kings/atropa.html "botonical information"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://en.hortipedia.com/wiki/Atropa_belladonna "charecteristics"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/n/nighde05.html "cultivation from botany"]</ref>
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</references>
  
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropa_belladonna Atropa belladonna-Wikipedia]
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==External Links==
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* [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/531.html Atropa belladonna on science direct]
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* [http://www.belladonnakillz.com/belladonna-plant-brief-description-of-belladonna.html Atropa belladonna on THE POISON GARDEN website]
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* [http://eol.org/pages/581107/details Atropa belladonna on ayuev Atropa belladonna on ayurveda herns]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/atropa-belladonnaAtropa belladonna on mmedicinal plants s]
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* [http://www.thepoisongarden.co.uk/atoz/atropa_belladonna.htm Atropa belladonna on description Brief Summary of  Atropa belladonna]
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* [http://www.indianmirror.com/ayurveda/belladona.html  Atropa belladonna on encyclopedea of life]
  
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]

Latest revision as of 16:07, 14 May 2019

Atropa belladonna, Suchi

Atropa belladonna commonly known as belladonna or deadly nightshade, is a perennial herbaceous plant (rhizomatous hemicryptophyte) in the Nightshade family (which includes tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, etc.) Solanaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia.

Uses

Arthritis, Irritable bowel syndrome, Asthma, Cold, Hay fever, Hemorrhoids, Motion sickness, Nerve problems, Spasms, Whooping cough.

Parts Used

Leaves, Roots, Tops

Chemical Composition

hemical Composition.—The chief and most interesting constituent of belladonna is the alkaloid atropine (C17H23NO3) (see Atropina), first obtained in crystalline condition from the root by Mein and from the herb by Geiger and Hesse (Pharmacographia)[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada NA
Hindi Angur Shefa, Luckmuna
Malayalam
Tamil Bellatona, Pelletonacceti
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Suchi
English Belladonna, Devil's Cherries


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

perennial branching herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
simple deciduous Atropa belladonna is deciduous. The leaves are simple. They are ovate

.[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
pale lavender violet 6-12 mm long From June to July Atropa belladonna produces solitary pendant auburn flowers that are double and campanulate flowers

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
loose spiral A curved or loose spiral seed pod is present nil seeds are yellow to brow.n in colour 10 to 20 seed {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Stem cutting.

How to plant/cultivate

Atropa belladonna is rarely used in gardens, but, when grown, it is usually for its large upright habit and showy berries. Germination of the small seeds is often difficult, due to hard seed coats that cause seed dormancy. Germination takes several weeks under alternating temperature conditions, but can be sped up with the use of gibberellic acid. The seedlings need sterile soil to prevent damping off and resent root disturbance during transplanting.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Western Himalayas, Open woodland, Moisty soil area.

Photo Gallery

References

External Links