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Difference between revisions of "Hyoscyamus niger - Pārasīkayavānī, Henbane"

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{{stub}}
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[[File:Biennial henbane 2nd year.JPG|right|thumb|Henbane]]
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'''Pārasīkayavānī''' consists of the seed of Hyoscyamus niger Linn. (Fam. Solanaceae), an annual or biennial herb, native to the Mediterranean region and temperate Asia, occurring in Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Kumaon at an altitude of 1600 to 4000 m, imported into India.
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'''Pārasīkayavānī''' consists of the seed of Hyoscyamus niger. It is an annual or biennial herb. It is native to the Mediterranean region and temperate Asia, occurring in Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Kumaon at an altitude of 1600 to 4000 m, imported into India.
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
 
{{Uses|Toothache}}, {{Uses|Mania}}, {{Uses|Hysteria}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Bronchitis}}, {{Uses|Earache}}.
 
{{Uses|Toothache}}, {{Uses|Mania}}, {{Uses|Hysteria}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Bronchitis}}, {{Uses|Earache}}.
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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The chief constituent of Henbane leaves is the alkaloid Hyoscyamine, together with smaller quantities of Atropine and Hyoscine, also known as Scopolamine. The proportion of alkaloid in the British Pharmacopoeia dried drug varies from 0.045 to 0.14 per cent. Higher yields are exceptional. The amount of Hyoscyamine is many times greater than that of Hyoscine.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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The chief constituent of Henbane leaves is the alkaloid Hyoscyamine, together with smaller quantities of Atropine and Hyoscine, also known as Scopolamine. The proportion of alkaloid in the British Pharmacopoeia dried drug varies from 0.045 to 0.14 per cent.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Henbane}}
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{{Common names|kn=ಖುರಾಸಾನಿ ಓಮ Khuraasaani oma, ವಿಲಾಯತಿ ತುಳಸಿ Vilaayati tulasi|sa=Parseek yawani|hi=Khurasani ajwain|en=Henbane, Stinking nightshade}}<ref name="Common names"/>
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|pink||Flowering throughout the year and In terminal and/or axillary pseudoracemes}}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Pink||Flowering throughout the year and In terminal and/or axillary pseudoracemes}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|oblong pod|Thinly septate, pilose, wrinkled|||seeds upto 5|Fruiting throughout the year}}
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{{Fruit|Oblong pod|Thinly septate, pilose, wrinkled|||Seeds upto 5|Fruiting throughout the year}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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By the walls of fields, waste ground, near buildings and in stony places from low-lying ground near the sea to lower mountain slopes.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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By the walls of fields, waste ground, near buildings and in stony places from low-lying ground near the sea to lower mountain slopes. Best propagated from seeds <ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Cultivated beds}}, {{Commonly seen|Walls of fields}}, {{Commonly seen|Waste ground}}, {{Commonly seen|Stony places}}, {{Commonly seen|Lower mountain slopes}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Henbane1.JPG
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Henbane2.jpg
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Hering 21.417.jpg
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Hyosciamus niger fruits.jpg
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://botanical.com/~botanid5/botanical/mgmh/h/henban23.html "Chemical composition"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://botanical.com/~botanid5/botanical/mgmh/h/henban23.html Chemical composition]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[ "Morphology"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[ Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Hyoscyamus+niger"Cultivation detail"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/User/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Hyoscyamus+niger Cultivation detail]</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Henbane.html Local names]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Solanaceae]]

Latest revision as of 15:32, 2 November 2020

Henbane

Pārasīkayavānī consists of the seed of Hyoscyamus niger. It is an annual or biennial herb. It is native to the Mediterranean region and temperate Asia, occurring in Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Kumaon at an altitude of 1600 to 4000 m, imported into India.

Uses

Toothache, Mania, Hysteria, Asthma, Bronchitis, Earache.

Parts Used

Leaves, Seeds.

Chemical Composition

The chief constituent of Henbane leaves is the alkaloid Hyoscyamine, together with smaller quantities of Atropine and Hyoscine, also known as Scopolamine. The proportion of alkaloid in the British Pharmacopoeia dried drug varies from 0.045 to 0.14 per cent.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಖುರಾಸಾನಿ ಓಮ Khuraasaani oma, ವಿಲಾಯತಿ ತುಳಸಿ Vilaayati tulasi
Hindi Khurasani ajwain
Malayalam NA
Tamil NA
Telugu NA
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Parseek yawani
English Henbane, Stinking nightshade

[2]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Biennial plant

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Paripinnate Oblong Leaf Arrangementis Alternate-spiral

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Pink Flowering throughout the year and In terminal and/or axillary pseudoracemes

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Oblong pod Thinly septate, pilose, wrinkled Seeds upto 5 Fruiting throughout the year

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds

How to plant/cultivate

By the walls of fields, waste ground, near buildings and in stony places from low-lying ground near the sea to lower mountain slopes. Best propagated from seeds [4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Cultivated beds, Walls of fields, Waste ground, Stony places, Lower mountain slopes.

Photo Gallery

  • Henbane1.JPG
  • Henbane2.jpg
  • Hering 21.417.jpg
  • Hyosciamus niger fruits.jpg

References

  1. ↑ Chemical composition
  2. ↑ Local names
  3. ↑ [ Morphology]
  4. ↑ Cultivation detail

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Hyoscyamus_niger_-_Pārasīkayavānī,_Henbane&oldid=53422"