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[[File:Viola odorata fg01.JPG|thumb|right|''Viola odorata'']]
 
[[File:Viola odorata fg01.JPG|thumb|right|''Viola odorata'']]
  
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'''Viola odorata''' is a species of the genus Viola native to Europe and Asia, but has also been introduced to North America and Australia. It is commonly known as '''wood violet''',<ref name="int"/> '''sweet violet, English violet, common violet, florist's violet''', or '''garden violet'''.<ref name="int2"/> The plant is known as Banafsa, Banafsha or Banaksa in India. It is a hardy herbaceous flowering perennial.
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'''Viola odorata''' is a species of the genus Viola native to Europe and Asia, but has also been introduced to North America and Australia.  
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Abdominal pain}}, {{Uses|Swelling}}, {{Uses|Digestion problem}}, {{Uses|Heartburn}}, {{Uses|Gallbladder disorder}}, {{Uses|Stuffy nose}}, {{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Hoarseness}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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V. odorata can be distinguished by the following characteristics:
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Flowers}}, {{Parts Used|Dried leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Fresh whole plant}}.
  
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*the flowers are aromatic,
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==Chemical Composition==
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*the flowers are normally either dark violet or white,
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Leaves of Viola odorata from Kashmir are reported to contain a triterpene ketone, probably friedelin (0.016%), Beta-sitosterol (0.033%), and a straight-chain alcohol<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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*the leaves and flowers are all in a basal rosette,
 
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*the style is hooked (and does not end with a rounded appendage),
 
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*the leaf-stalks have hairs which point downwards, and
 
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*the plant spreads with stolons (above-ground shoots).
 
  
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These perennial flowers can mature at a height of 4 to 6 inches and a spread of 8 to 24 inches. The species can be found near the edges of forests or in clearings; it is also a common "uninvited guest" in shaded lawns or elsewhere in gardens.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Violethoo|ml=|sa=|ta=Vauilettu|te=Vialettu|hi=Banafsha|en=Sweet Voilet}}
  
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== Uses ==
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==Properties==
 +
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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*The sweet scent of this flower has proved popular, particularly in the late Victorian period, and has consequently been used in the production of many cosmetic fragrances and perfumes.
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===Rasa===
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*Poucher wrote that the flowers were widely cultivated both in Europe and the East for their fragrance, with both the flowers and leaves being separately collected and extracted for fragrance, and flowers also collected for use in confectionery galenical syrup  and in the production of medicine.
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Madhura (Sweet), Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)
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*The leaves are edible and commonly used in salads. Real violet flower extract is available for culinary uses, especially in European countries, but it is expensive.
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===Guna===
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*In herbal medicine, V. odorata has been used for a variety of respiratory ailments, insomnia, and skin disorders.<ref name="uses"/>
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Laghu (Light), Snigdha (Unctuous)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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==Common name==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Evergreen Perennial}}
  
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* '''English''' -  wood violet
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Basal|The leaves are lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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== References ==
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Blue to purple, white|1-2|Flowers Season is June - August and the flower is bilaterally symmetrical}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|5–8 mm|The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe|With hooked hairs|-}}
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===Other features===
 +
 
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 +
 
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==Where to get the saplings==
 +
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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One of the essential points for the successful cultivation of Violets, either for the sake of marketing the cut blooms, or for medicinal purposes, is clear atmosphere. They seldom do well near a town, because the undersides of the leaves are covered with hairs, which catch the grit, thus blocking the breathing pores.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|On Hedgerows}}, {{Commonly seen|Worm woodlands}}, {{Commonly seen|On calcareous soils}}.
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Common Violet (Viola odorata) (8337402801).jpg
 
   
 
   
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<references>
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Devon Violets. Viola odorata (33624079715).jpg
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<ref name="int">[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ow7NMmhz5wwC&redir_esc=y California Gardener's Guide]</ref>
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<ref name="int2">[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?41733  "USDA GRIN Taxonomy"]</ref>
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<ref name="uses">[http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-212-sweet%20violet.aspx?activeingredientid=212&activeingredientname=sweet%20violet "Sweet Violet"]</ref>
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DSCN2408.JPG
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Fialky.jpg
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Fiołek wonny Las Bemowski.jpg
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Flora della Sardegna 215 (01).JPG
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</gallery>
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==References==
 +
 
 +
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.bimbima.com/herbs/viola-odorata/3869/ Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/viola/odorata/ Plant Characteristics]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/v/vioswe12.html Cultivation details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-212/sweet-violet Viola odorata on webmd.com]
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* [https://www.bimbima.com/herbs/viola-odorata/3869/ Banfsha (Viola odorata) Information, benefits, Warnings and More]
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* [http://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/view/646 Viola odorata on International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2015/04/22/vanapsa-viola-odorata-uses-research-side-effects/ Viola odorata on easyayurveda.com]
  
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_odorata Viola odorata]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Violaceae]]

Latest revision as of 12:42, 2 September 2020

Viola odorata

Viola odorata is a species of the genus Viola native to Europe and Asia, but has also been introduced to North America and Australia.

Uses

Abdominal pain, Swelling, Digestion problem, Heartburn, Gallbladder disorder, Stuffy nose, Cough, Hoarseness, Sore throats

Parts Used

Flowers, Dried leaves, Fresh whole plant.

Chemical Composition

Leaves of Viola odorata from Kashmir are reported to contain a triterpene ketone, probably friedelin (0.016%), Beta-sitosterol (0.033%), and a straight-chain alcohol[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Violethoo
Hindi Banafsha
Malayalam
Tamil Vauilettu
Telugu Vialettu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Sweet Voilet


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Madhura (Sweet), Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Snigdha (Unctuous)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Evergreen Perennial

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Basal The leaves are lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Blue to purple, white 1-2 Flowers Season is June - August and the flower is bilaterally symmetrical

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 5–8 mm The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe With hooked hairs - {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

One of the essential points for the successful cultivation of Violets, either for the sake of marketing the cut blooms, or for medicinal purposes, is clear atmosphere. They seldom do well near a town, because the undersides of the leaves are covered with hairs, which catch the grit, thus blocking the breathing pores.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

On Hedgerows, Worm woodlands, On calcareous soils.

Photo Gallery

  • Common Violet (Viola odorata) (8337402801).jpg
  • Devon Violets. Viola odorata (33624079715).jpg
  • Viola odorata 2408.jpg
  • Fialky.jpg
  • Fiołek wonny Las Bemowski.jpg
  • Flora della Sardegna 215 (01).JPG

References

  1. ↑ Chemical constituents
  2. ↑ Plant Characteristics
  3. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Viola_odorata_-_Violet_wood&oldid=52036"