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Difference between revisions of "Jasminum grandiflorum - Balihrasa"

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{{stub}}
 
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[[File:Jasminum grandiflorum 2.jpg|thumb|right|''Balihrasa'', ''Jasminum grandiflorum'']]
 
[[File:Jasminum grandiflorum 2.jpg|thumb|right|''Balihrasa'', ''Jasminum grandiflorum'']]
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'''Balihrasa''' also known variously as the '''Spanish jasmine, Jasminum grandiflorum, Royal jasmine, Catalonian jasmine,''' among others  is a species of jasmine. It is native to South Asia. The Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda) and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China.
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'''Balihrasa''', also known variously as the '''Spanish jasmine, Jasminum grandiflorum, Royal jasmine, Catalonian jasmine,''' among others  is a species of jasmine native to South Asia, the Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda), and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China.
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}.
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{{Uses|Bad breath}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Swelling}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Corns on feet}}, {{Uses|Paralysis}}, {{Uses|Skin dryness}}, {{Uses|Glowing skin}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Flowers}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|entire Jasmine plant}}
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Flowers}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Entire plant}}
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone
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Flowers contain a volatile oil, jasminol, and indol. Essence also contains benzyl-acetate, linalol, indol, and a ketone called jasmone. Ethereal extract from the leaves yield an alkaloid, jasminine. Study reports salicylic acid and an astringent principle in the leaves.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/>
 
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=ajjege, ajjige, ajjuge|ml=malati, piccakam, piccakamulla|sa=Balihrasa, Chambeli|ta=anankam, catimallikai, catimullai|te=adivimalle, chambeli|hi=chameli|en=Royal Jasmine, Spanish jasmine}}
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{{Common names|kn=Ajjege|ml=Malati, Piccakam, Piccakamulla|sa=Balihrasa, Chambeli|ta=Anankam, Catimallikai, Catimullai|te=Adivimalle, Chambeli|hi=Chameli|en=Royal Jasmine, Spanish jasmine}}.
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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===Guna===
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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{{Habit|branched shrub}}
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{{Habit|Evergreen Climber}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|alternate|stipulate|The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Petiolate|Opposite|Petiole and midrib margined; leaflets (5-) 7-11, glabrous, dark green, the upper pair with a broad flat base, often confluent with the terminal leaflet; the terminal hardly larger, ovate lanceolate, acuminate}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|5 cm in diameter|White|5-20|Very fragrant and borne in clusters. Flower buds are pinkish in colour and floral initiation is promoted by high day and low night temperatures. Flowers open early in the morning and oil content decreases by early morning}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}}
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{{Fruit|Seldom formed|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|Fruits are 2-lobed berries that turn black when ripe|12-20 seeds}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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* [[Kalyanaka kashaya churna]]
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* [[Malatyadi taila]]
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* [[Paranthyadi taila]]
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* [[Vasanth kusumakara rasa]]
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* [[Jatyadi ghrita]]
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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Jasminum grandiflorum can be grown from the warm temperate to the tropical zones. When grown commercially, plantations are usually below elevations of 500 metres. Jasmine can be propagated by cuttings. It does not usually produce fruits. <ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|sub trophical}}, {{Commonly seen|himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|warm temperate}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Sub trophical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|Warm temperate}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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Jasmin babby flower.jpg|Bud
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Jasminum grandiflorum - പിച്ചകം.JPG|Leaves
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File:Jazmín limonero.JPG|Flower
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
 
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.stuartxchange.org/Jasmin.html Constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=210000862 Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/11/30/jati-jasminum-grandiflorum-sambac-jasminum-officinale/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Jasminum+grandiflorum Cultivation Details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/special-pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=1436 Jasminum-uses, side effects]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2016/11/30/jati-jasminum-grandiflorum-sambac-jasminum-officinale/ Royal Jasmine on flowers of india]
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* [https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Royal%20Jasmine.html Jasmine Plant-Grow and Care for Jasminum]
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* [https://www.epicgardening.com/jasmine-plant/ Jasminum grandiflorum on florafaunaweb.nparks]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have flower, fruit and leaf photos]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Oleaceae]]

Latest revision as of 12:45, 18 November 2020

Balihrasa, Jasminum grandiflorum

Balihrasa also known variously as the Spanish jasmine, Jasminum grandiflorum, Royal jasmine, Catalonian jasmine, among others is a species of jasmine. It is native to South Asia. The Arabian peninsula (Oman, Saudi Arabia), Northeast Africa (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan), the African Great Lakes (Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda) and the Yunnan and Sichuan regions of China.

Uses

Bad breath, Psoriasis, Skin diseases, Swelling, Wounds, Diabetes, Corns on feet, Paralysis, Skin dryness, Glowing skin.

Parts Used

Roots, Flowers, Leaves, Stem, Entire plant

Chemical Composition

Flowers contain a volatile oil, jasminol, and indol. Essence also contains benzyl-acetate, linalol, indol, and a ketone called jasmone. Ethereal extract from the leaves yield an alkaloid, jasminine. Study reports salicylic acid and an astringent principle in the leaves.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Ajjege
Hindi Chameli
Malayalam Malati, Piccakam, Piccakamulla
Tamil Anankam, Catimallikai, Catimullai
Telugu Adivimalle, Chambeli
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Balihrasa, Chambeli
English Royal Jasmine, Spanish jasmine

.

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Evergreen Climber

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Petiolate Opposite Petiole and midrib margined; leaflets (5-) 7-11, glabrous, dark green, the upper pair with a broad flat base, often confluent with the terminal leaflet; the terminal hardly larger, ovate lanceolate, acuminate

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 5 cm in diameter White 5-20 Very fragrant and borne in clusters. Flower buds are pinkish in colour and floral initiation is promoted by high day and low night temperatures. Flowers open early in the morning and oil content decreases by early morning

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Seldom formed 7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad Fruits are 2-lobed berries that turn black when ripe 12-20 seeds {{{5}}} {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[3]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Jasminum grandiflorum can be grown from the warm temperate to the tropical zones. When grown commercially, plantations are usually below elevations of 500 metres. Jasmine can be propagated by cuttings. It does not usually produce fruits. [4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Sub trophical area, Himalayas, Warm temperate.

Photo Gallery

  • Bud

  • Leaves

  • Flower

References

  1. ↑ Constituents
  2. ↑ Morphology
  3. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  4. ↑ Cultivation Details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Jasminum_grandiflorum_-_Balihrasa&oldid=53766"