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Difference between revisions of "Senna auriculata - Avaram senna"

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[[File:Ranawara or Avaram- Senna auriculata at Sindhrot near Vadodara, Gujrat Pix 047.jpg|thumb|right|''Senna auriculata'', ''Avarike'']]
 
[[File:Ranawara or Avaram- Senna auriculata at Sindhrot near Vadodara, Gujrat Pix 047.jpg|thumb|right|''Senna auriculata'', ''Avarike'']]
 
 
'''Senna auriculata''' is a legume tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly known by its local names '''matura tea tree, ranawara''' or '''avaram'''.
 
'''Senna auriculata''' is a legume tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly known by its local names '''matura tea tree, ranawara''' or '''avaram'''.
 
 
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
{{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}<ref name="Uses"/>
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{{Uses|Rheumatism}}, {{Uses|Eye diseases}}, {{Uses|Gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Gout}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
Contains volatile oils, flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, triterpene glycosides including euscapic acid and tormentic acid, phenolic acids, and 3%–21% tannins.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Seed contains anthraquinones,namely;(aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin, beta glucoside, physcion, emodin, chrysophanol, obtusifolin, obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=āvarike|ml=|sa=|ta=āvārai|te=taṃgēḍu|hi=|en=Avaram senna}}
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{{Common names|kn=Avarike|ml=|sa=Aaavartaki|ta=Avarai|te=Taṃgēḍu|hi=Tarwar|en=Avaram senna}}
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==Properties==
 +
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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===Guna===
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
{{Habit|branched shrub}}
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{{Habit|Branched shrub}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
Line 39: Line 52:
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Easily grown in most soils[21][22], preferring a calcareous soil. Thrives in a dry lightly shaded position[16], though it prefers full sun.
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Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
Plants usually self-sow quite freely when growing in a suitable position[19]. The seeds are contained in burrs that can easily attach themselves to clothing or animal's fur, thus transporting them to a new area where they can germinate and grow.The cultivar 'Sweet scented' is popular in France for making tea because the whole plant is sweet scented and the flowers have a spicy apricot-like fragrance<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|Sea coast area}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
 
 
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Odermennig.jpg
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 01.JPG
File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 02.JPG
 
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 03.JPG
Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 04.JPG
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 05.JPG
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(Senna auriculata) at kambalakonda 06.JPG
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
 
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874112006393?via%3Dihub "sciencedirect"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "morphology"]</ref>
<ref name="Uses">[http://www.homeremediess.com/agrimonia-eupatoria-medicinal-uses-and-images/ "traditional medicine"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "cultivation"]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Agrimonia_eupatoria "practical palnts"]</ref>
 
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Senna+auriculata Senna auriculata on useful trophical plants]
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* [https://florafaunaweb.nparks.gov.sg/Special-Pages/plant-detail.aspx?id=6126  Senna auriculata on florafaunaweb.nparks]
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* [https://herbpathy.com/Uses-and-Benefits-of-Cassia-Auriculata-Cid498 Senna auriculata on uses, benefits, side effects]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Repeat plant]]

Latest revision as of 11:49, 27 May 2019

Senna auriculata, Avarike

Senna auriculata is a legume tree in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is commonly known by its local names matura tea tree, ranawara or avaram.

Uses

Rheumatism, Eye diseases, Gonorrhea, Diabetes, Gout.

Parts Used

Roots, Bark, Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Seed contains anthraquinones,namely;(aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin, beta glucoside, physcion, emodin, chrysophanol, obtusifolin, obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Avarike
Hindi Tarwar
Malayalam
Tamil Avarai
Telugu Taṃgēḍu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Aaavartaki
English Avaram senna


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Branched shrub

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
alternate stipulate The leaves are alternate, stipulate, paripinnate compound, very numerous, closely placed, rachis 8.8-12.5 cm long, narrowly furrowed, slender, pubescent, with an erect linear gland between the leaflets of each pair, leaflets 16-24, very shortly stalked 2-2.5 cm long 1-1.3 cm broad, slightly overlapping, oval oblong, obtuse, at both the ends

.[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
bisexual 2.5 cm long bright yellow 5-20 The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
short legume 7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown. 12-20 seeds {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Dry regions of India, Sea coast area, Dry zone in Sri Lanka.

Photo Gallery

References

External Links