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Difference between revisions of "Medicago sativa - Ashvabala"

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{{stub}}
 
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[[File:75 Medicago sativa L.jpg|thumb|right|''Ashvabala'',''Alfalfa'']]
 
[[File:75 Medicago sativa L.jpg|thumb|right|''Ashvabala'',''Alfalfa'']]
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'''Medicago sativa''' is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.
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Ashvabala, Alfalfa, Medicago sativa(bitanical name), Safed Musli or Rajko (Hindi), Kudirai masal or Kollu (Tamil) also called lucerne, is a perennial [[flowering plant]] in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.In ancient India, Ayurvedic texts prescribe the use of Alfalfa seeds and sprouts for improving blood cell production and it's leaves and stem as a good source of protein and minerals.Alfalfa is widely grown throughout the world as forage for cattle, and is most often harvested as hay, but can also be made into silage, grazed, or fed as greenchop.
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|migraines}}, {{Uses|headaches}}, {{Uses|vomiting}}, {{Uses|piles}}, {{Uses|burning sensation}}, {{Uses|perspiration problems}}, {{Uses|burning sensation in the vagina}}.
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{{Uses|Relieve water retention}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Ulcers}}, {{Uses|Purifying the blood}}, {{Uses|Food digestion}}, {{Uses|Assimilation}}, {{Uses|Kidney problems}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Root tubers}}.
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Seeds}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Atisine, Aconitine, Atisenol, Atidine, Hetisine, Hetisinone, Banzolheteratisine, Histidine, F-dihydroatisine, Heteratisine and Several diterpene alkaloids such aheterophyllin, heterophyllisin, heterophyllidine, and hetidine.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Tender shoots of alfalfa are reported to contain per 100 g 52 calories, 82.7% moisture, 6 g protein, 0.4 g fat, 9.5 g total carbohydrate, 3.1 g fiber, 1.4 g ash, 12 mg Ca, 51 mg P, 5.4 mg Fe, 3410 IU Vit A, 0.13 mg thiamine, 0.14 mg riboflavin, 0.5 mg niacin, and 162 mg ascorbic acid<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Ativisa|ml=Ativisam|sa=Ativisha|ta=Atividyam|te=Ati visa|hi=Atis|en=Indian Atees}}
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{{Common names|kn=Lusarne soppu, Vilaayiti hullu|ml=|sa=Ashvabala|ta=Kutirai macal |te=|hi=Lusan ghas|en=Alfalfa, Bastard medic}}
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
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===Rasa===
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===Guna===
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===Veerya===
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===Vipaka===
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===Karma===
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===Prabhava===
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|glabrous|sessile|The leaves are variable in shape and size}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|simple|dentate|The leaflets are 5-20 mm long and dentate (toothed) at the apex and sometimes at the base}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|white–violet|10-18|Flowers are Large, hooded and occur in slender racemes or lax leafy panicles. Corolla is hairy. Carpels are five in number}}
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{{Flower|pale lavender|2-4cm long|violet|6-12 mm long|The flowers are papilionaceous, typical of species}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome||s|}}
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{{Fruit|loose spiral| A curved or loose spiral seed pod is present||seeds are yellow to brow.n in colour|10 to 20 seed}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
 
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Tuber segment}}.
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Stem cutting}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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The more common species of Aconitum are generally those cultivated in gardens, especially hybrids. They typically thrive in well-drained evenly moist garden soils like the related hellebores and delphiniums, and can grow in the shade of trees.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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For cultivation of alfalfa, land should be well-plowed. Farm manure could be applied six weeks before planting, with additional manurings as top dressing after every third cutting. Crop is propagated by seed. As seeds have hard coat, they should be scarified or soaked in water before sowing.
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<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|western Himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|open woodland}}, {{Commonly seen|moisty soil area}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Western himalayas}}, {{Commonly seen|Open woodland}}, {{Commonly seen|Moisty soil area}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Aconitum napellus01.jpg|
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Image:Lucerne flowers.jpg|''Medicago sativa''
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File:Aconitum-reclinatum01.jpg|Trailing white monkshood (''A. reclinatum)''
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Image:Medicago sativa Alfals006.jpg|''M. sativa''
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File:Aconitum-uncinatum01.jpg|Southern blue monkshood (''A. uncinatum'')
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Image:Medicago sativa 02 bgiu.jpg|''M. sativa''
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File:Alaskan Monkshood Leaf.jpg|Wild Alaskan monkshood (''A. delphinifolium'') is a flowering species that belongs to the family Ranunculaceae.  
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Image:Luzerne-600.jpg|''M. sativa''|Image:Medicago-sativa-flowers.jpg|Flowers
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Image:YellowPrairieFlower.jpg|Yellow flowers
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Image:VioletPrairieFlower.JPG|Light violet flowers
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File:Alfalfa frutos-1.JPG|''M. sativa'' var. ''sativa'', mature fruits
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Image:Mesa 002 lhp.jpg|Seeds <small>(actual size ≈2mm)</small>
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Image:Scythe_in_lucern_field.jpg|Lucerne field
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Image:ARS_Megachile_rotundata.jpg|Bee on alfalfa flower
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.medicinalplantsanduses.com/aconitum-heterophyllum-medicinal-uses "medicinal plants"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Medicago_sativa.html Chemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.bimbima.com/herbs/ativisha/3956/ "bimbima"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30234961-2 Morphology]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aconitum "wikipedea"]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Medicago_sativa.html Cultivation details]</ref>
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</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://desidawaiya.com/shop/herbal-plants/ashvabala-medicago-sativa/ Medicago sativa on desi dawaiya]
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* [http://www.tropicalforages.info/key/forages/Media/Html/entities/medicago_sativa.htm Medicago sativa on tropical forages]
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* [http://eol.org/pages/703652/details Medicago sativa on encyclopedea of life]
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* [https://pfaf.org/user/plant.aspx?LatinName=Medicago+sativa Medicago sativa-plants for future]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Fabaceae]]

Latest revision as of 16:07, 18 December 2019

Ashvabala,Alfalfa

Medicago sativa is a perennial flowering plant in the pea family Fabaceae cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world.

Uses

Relieve water retention, Arthritis, Ulcers, Purifying the blood, Food digestion, Assimilation, Kidney problems.

Parts Used

Leaves, Seeds.

Chemical Composition

Tender shoots of alfalfa are reported to contain per 100 g 52 calories, 82.7% moisture, 6 g protein, 0.4 g fat, 9.5 g total carbohydrate, 3.1 g fiber, 1.4 g ash, 12 mg Ca, 51 mg P, 5.4 mg Fe, 3410 IU Vit A, 0.13 mg thiamine, 0.14 mg riboflavin, 0.5 mg niacin, and 162 mg ascorbic acid[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Lusarne soppu, Vilaayiti hullu
Hindi Lusan ghas
Malayalam
Tamil Kutirai macal
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Ashvabala
English Alfalfa, Bastard medic


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
simple dentate The leaflets are 5-20 mm long and dentate (toothed) at the apex and sometimes at the base

.[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
pale lavender 2-4cm long violet 6-12 mm long The flowers are papilionaceous, typical of species

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
loose spiral A curved or loose spiral seed pod is present seeds are yellow to brow.n in colour 10 to 20 seed {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Stem cutting.

How to plant/cultivate

For cultivation of alfalfa, land should be well-plowed. Farm manure could be applied six weeks before planting, with additional manurings as top dressing after every third cutting. Crop is propagated by seed. As seeds have hard coat, they should be scarified or soaked in water before sowing. [3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Western himalayas, Open woodland, Moisty soil area.

Photo Gallery

  • Medicago sativa

  • M. sativa

  • M. sativa

  • Flowers

  • Yellow flowers

  • Light violet flowers

  • M. sativa var. sativa, mature fruits

  • Seeds (actual size ≈2mm)

  • Lucerne field

  • Bee on alfalfa flower

References

  1. ↑ Chemistry
  2. ↑ Morphology
  3. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

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