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Difference between revisions of "Decalepis hamiltoni - Makali beru"

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{{stub}}
 
 
[[File:Decalepis hamiltonii.jpg|thumb|right|''Makali beru'']]
 
[[File:Decalepis hamiltonii.jpg|thumb|right|''Makali beru'']]
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'''Swallow Root''' is an endemic and endangered plant of Andhra Pradesh. It grows in between the rocks and places where there is thick vegetation. Milky latex is present in the entire plant. Each root is 5-10 cm in diameter and 4-10 roots arise from the rootstock.
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Blood Purification}}, {{Uses|Wound Healing}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Poisoning}}, {{Uses|Skin Diseases}}
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{{Uses|Blood Purification}}, {{Uses|Wound Healing}}, {{Uses|Asthma}}, {{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Poisoning}}, {{Uses|Skin Diseases}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}<ref name="Uses"/>
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<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}.
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{{Parts Used|Root}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Hydrodistillation of Decalepis hamiltonii roots yielded an essential oil (0.33% v/w) that contained 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (37.45%), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (31.01%), 4-O-methylresorcylaldehyde (9.12%), benzyl alcohol (3.16%), and alpha-atlantone (2.06%) as major constituents.<ref name="Chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|sa=sariva, svetasariva|en=|gu=|hi=|kn=maakali beru|ks=|ml=nannari, naruninti|mr=|pa=|ta=mahali-kizhangu, makalikkilanku, mavillinga kizhanku, perum-nannari|te=madina kommulu, maredu kommulu}}
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{{Common names|sa=Sariva, Svetasariva|en=Swallowroot|kn=Maakali beru|ml=Nannari, Naruninti|ta=Mahali-kizhangu, Makalikkilanku, Mavillinga kizhanku, Perum-nannari|te=Madina kommulu, Maredu kommulu}}
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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===Dravya===
 
===Dravya===
 
===Rasa===
 
===Rasa===
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===Guna===
 
===Guna===
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite|Leaves to 6 x 4.5 cm, obovate-elliptic or orbicular, apex obtuse, base cuneate, membranous; petiole to 1.5 cm. Milky  latex  is present  in  whole plant.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite|Leaves to 6 x 4.5 cm, obovate-elliptic or orbicular, apex obtuse, base cuneate, membranous; petiole to 1.5 cm. Milky  latex  is present  in  whole plant.}}
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Bisexual|Cymes| Cymes  trichotomous;  peduncle to  2  cm;  bracts  and  bracteoles  lanceolate,  1.5  mm; pedicel to 1 cm; calyx lobes oblong, tinged with brown, 2 mm,  chartaceous, valvate,  acute. Corolla  cream,  7  mm across, campanulate; lobes  spreading,  3.5  mm,  valvate, villous  within,  acute  to  recurved.  Stamens  connivent; pollinia horizontal; pollinial bags closely adherent, flat, 0.6 mm;  caudicle  indistinct;  receptacle  minute.  Corona double, staminal;  outer  scale-like, truncate,  1  mm; inner flat,  adhering  to gynostegium,  2  mm.  Glands  5  at  the base  of  corolla,  alternating  with  stamens,  1  mm,  2  fid. Ovaries subglobose, 1 mm; style  0.7 mm; stigma obtuse or flat. |}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|Cymes| Cymes  trichotomous;  peduncle to  2  cm;  bracts  and  bracteoles  lanceolate,  1.5  mm.|Flowering from April to July}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Follicles|5.5 × 3 cm||Follicle oblong or lanceolate, cylindric 5.5 × 3 cm; epicarp  thick,  crinkled|seed  ovate  6  ×  4  mm;  teats angled, chartaceous, tipped with long, white, silky  coma|}}
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{{Fruit|Follicles|5.5 × 3 cm||Follicle oblong or lanceolate, cylindric 5.5 × 3 cm; epicarp  thick,  crinkled|seed  ovate  6  ×  4  mm||Fruiting from April to July}}
  
 
<ref name="Plant morphology"/>
 
<ref name="Plant morphology"/>
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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[[Amrutamalaka taila]], [[Drakshadi churna]], [[Shatavari rasayana]], [[Yeshtimadhu taila]], [[Shwethasaariva]].<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
  
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|}}
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
−
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}, {{Commonly seen|}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Dry Deciduous forests}}, {{Commonly seen|Stony areas}}
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Decalepis hamiltonii 3.jpg|Flowers
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File:Decalepis hamiltonii 1.jpg|Follicles
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File:Decalepis hamiltonii 2.jpg|Seed
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File:Decalepis hamiltonii 5.jpg|Whole plant
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">["chemistry"]</ref>
 
  
−
<ref name="Leaf">["morphology"]</ref>
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<ref name="Plant morphology">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262419212_A_Review_on_Decalepis_hamiltonii_Wight_Arn Morphology]</ref>
 +
<ref name="Uses">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262419212_A_Review_on_Decalepis_hamiltonii_Wight_Arn Uses]</ref>
 +
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262419212_A_Review_on_Decalepis_hamiltonii_Wight_Arn Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
 +
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/index.php/bot_search Common names]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.1047, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
  
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "Cultivation"]</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical composition">"Essential oil constituents and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Decalepis hamiltonii roots against foodborne pathogens" Article by National Library of Medicine</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [ ]
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* [https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/50126587/0 Decalepis hamiltonii on Iucn-Redlist]
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* [ ]
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* [https://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/download/845/1509/ Decalepis hamiltonii on Threatened Taxa - Article]
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* [ ]
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* [https://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Swallow-Root.html Decalepis hamiltonii on Flowers of India catalog]
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* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/32159 Decalepis hamiltonii on India Biodiversity portal]
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* [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30021395/ Decalepis hamiltonii on National Library of Medicine Journal article]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304423805001196 Decalepis hamiltonii on Science Direct portal]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Apocynaceae]]

Latest revision as of 14:29, 19 June 2024

Makali beru

Swallow Root is an endemic and endangered plant of Andhra Pradesh. It grows in between the rocks and places where there is thick vegetation. Milky latex is present in the entire plant. Each root is 5-10 cm in diameter and 4-10 roots arise from the rootstock.

Uses

Blood Purification, Wound Healing, Asthma, Fever, Poisoning, Skin Diseases, Diabetes[1]

Parts Used

Root[2].

Chemical Composition

Hydrodistillation of Decalepis hamiltonii roots yielded an essential oil (0.33% v/w) that contained 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (37.45%), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (31.01%), 4-O-methylresorcylaldehyde (9.12%), benzyl alcohol (3.16%), and alpha-atlantone (2.06%) as major constituents.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Maakali beru
Hindi NA
Malayalam Nannari, Naruninti
Tamil Mahali-kizhangu, Makalikkilanku, Mavillinga kizhanku, Perum-nannari
Telugu Madina kommulu, Maredu kommulu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Sariva, Svetasariva
English Swallowroot

[4]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Guna

Veerya

Vipaka

Karma

Prabhava

Habit

Climber

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Opposite Leaves to 6 x 4.5 cm, obovate-elliptic or orbicular, apex obtuse, base cuneate, membranous; petiole to 1.5 cm. Milky latex is present in whole plant.

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual Cymes Cymes trichotomous; peduncle to 2 cm; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, 1.5 mm. Flowering from April to July {{{5}}}

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Follicles 5.5 × 3 cm Follicle oblong or lanceolate, cylindric 5.5 × 3 cm; epicarp thick, crinkled seed ovate 6 × 4 mm

[5]

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Amrutamalaka taila, Drakshadi churna, Shatavari rasayana, Yeshtimadhu taila, Shwethasaariva.[6]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings

How to plant/cultivate

Commonly seen growing in areas

Dry Deciduous forests, Stony areas

Photo Gallery

  • Flowers

  • Follicles

  • Seed

  • Whole plant

References

  1. ↑ Uses
  2. ↑ ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.1047, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  3. ↑ "Essential oil constituents and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Decalepis hamiltonii roots against foodborne pathogens" Article by National Library of Medicine
  4. ↑ Common names
  5. ↑ Morphology
  6. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Decalepis_hamiltoni_-_Makali_beru&oldid=58718"