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'''Anogeissus latifolia''' is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree. It grows up to 20 metres tall. The bole can be unbranched for up to 15 metres. The tree is often harvested for its gum and tannins. It also yields a good quality wood and is planted in soil stabilization programmes.
 
'''Anogeissus latifolia''' is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree. It grows up to 20 metres tall. The bole can be unbranched for up to 15 metres. The tree is often harvested for its gum and tannins. It also yields a good quality wood and is planted in soil stabilization programmes.
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
−
{{Uses|Wound healing}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Anaemia}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhoids}}
+
{{Uses|Wound healing}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Diabetes}}, {{Uses|Anaemia}}, {{Uses|Hemorrhoids}}, {{Uses|Erisipelas}}, {{Uses|Piles}}<ref name="Uses"/><ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
−
<ref name="Uses"/>
+
 
 +
===Food===
 +
Dhava can be used in Food. Fried gum is used in preparation of ladoos (a sweet food item)<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
−
{{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Gum}}, {{Parts Used|Heartwood}}
+
{{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Gum}}, {{Parts Used|Heartwood}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
The leaves, bark and heartwood
 
The leaves, bark and heartwood
−
yield quinic and shikmik acids; leaves contain gallotannin (90–95% of the tannins). The young leaves and shoots contain 50% tannins (dry basis). The bark contains 12–18% tannins. Heartwood contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, its derivatives, quercetin andmyricetin. The gum is mainly the calcium salt of a complex, high molecular weight polysaccharic acid (ghattic acid) <ref name="Chemical composition"/>
+
yield quinic and shikmik acids; leaves contain gallotannin (90–95% of the tannins). The young leaves and shoots contain 50% tannins (dry basis). The bark contains 12–18% tannins. Heartwood contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, its derivatives, quercetin andmyricetin.<ref name="Chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
−
{{Common names|kn=Dhinduga, Dindaga, Dindlu|ml=Malakanniram, Vellanaga|sa=Dhava, Dridhataru, Madhuratvacha, Nanditaru, Pishachavriksha, Shushkanga|ta=Vellai-nagai, Ekariyamaram, Vellainakam|te=Chirumaanu, Sirimaanu, Thirumaanu|hi=Dhau, Dhawda, Dohu|en=Dhawa}}<ref name="Common names"/>
+
{{Common names|kn=Dhinduga, Dindaga, Dindlu|ml=Malakanniram, Vellanaga|sa=Dhava, Dridhataru, Madhuratvacha, Nanditaru, Pishachavriksha, Shushkanga|ta=Vellai-nagai, Ekariyamaram, Vellainakam|te=Chirumaanu, Sirimaanu, Thirumaanu|hi=Dhau, Dhawda, Dohu|en=Dhawa, Button tree}}<ref name="Common names"/>
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
Line 30: Line 32:
 
Pitta, Kapha
 
Pitta, Kapha
 
===Prabhava===
 
===Prabhava===
 +
 +
===Nutritional components===
 +
Dhava Contains the Following nutritional components like - Vitamin-A and C; Calcium, Iron, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Zinc<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
Line 35: Line 40:
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 +
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
−
{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite or sometimes alternate|Estipulate; petiole 5-15 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 2.5-18 x 1.7-9 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, suborbicular, or oblong-obovate, base obtuse, round, cuneate or acute, apex obtuse, emarginate or mucronate, margin entire, glabrous, subcoriaceous; lateral nerves 4-11 paired, pinnate, prominent beneath, arched towards the margin, intercostae scalariform, prominent.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
+
{{Leaf|Simple|Opposite or sometimes alternate|Estipulate; petiole 5-15 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 2.5-18 x 1.7-9 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, suborbicular, or oblong-obovate}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
−
{{Flower|Bisexual|Axillary globose heads|Pale yellow|10|Peduncle puberulous; pedicel reduced or absent; calyx tube 2 winged, 3-5.5 mm long, produced above the ovary, villous inside, teeth 5, ovate-triangular, to 1 mm long; stamens 10, in 2 series, exserted, 1.5-3 mm long; anthers small; ovary inferior, 1-celled, densely tomentose; ovules 2, pendulous; style 2-3 mm long, thickened at base, villous; stigma simple. }}
+
{{Flower|Bisexual|Axillary globose heads|Pale yellow|10|Peduncle puberulous; pedicel reduced or absent; calyx tube 2 winged, 3-5.5 mm long, produced above the ovary, villous inside, teeth 5, ovate-triangular. Flowering from August to January}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
−
{{Fruit|A drupe|6 - 8 mm across||Greenish-yellow, compressed, puberulous, circular; wings 2, margin entire or slightly undulate, beaked; seed one, obovate.|}}
+
{{Fruit|A drupe|6 - 8 mm across||Greenish-yellow, compressed, puberulous, circular; wings 2, margin entire or slightly undulate, beaked; seed one, obovate.||Fruiting from August to January}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
−
* [[Ayaskriti]]
+
[[Ayaskriti]], [[Asanadi kashayam]], [[Nyagrodadi churna]], [[Bala oil]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
−
* [[Asanadi kashayam]]
 
−
* [[Nyagrodadi churna]]
 
−
* [[Bala oil]]
 
−
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
 
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 +
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
−
 
 
Fruits should be collected only when they are fully ripe as immature seeds fail to germinate. The ripe fruits are
 
Fruits should be collected only when they are fully ripe as immature seeds fail to germinate. The ripe fruits are
 
collected from the trees, dried in the sun and then stored. Generally seed viability is low but increases after very dry
 
collected from the trees, dried in the sun and then stored. Generally seed viability is low but increases after very dry
 
seasons. Seed germination is increased by a 3-min hot water seed treatment. Seed storage in metal tins or polythene
 
seasons. Seed germination is increased by a 3-min hot water seed treatment. Seed storage in metal tins or polythene
−
containers is the best. There are 105 000-125 000 seeds /kg.
+
containers is the best. There are 105 000-125 000 seeds /kg<ref name="Cultivation details"/>. Dhava is available through March to Septemebr<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
−
<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
Line 79: Line 80:
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
 
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
 
<ref name="Uses">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anogeissus+latifolia Uses]</ref>
 
<ref name="Uses">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anogeissus+latifolia Uses]</ref>
 
<ref name="Chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref>
 
<ref name="Chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref>
−
 
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/07/21/dhava-anogeissus-latifolia-axle-wood-tree/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
 
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2016/07/21/dhava-anogeissus-latifolia-axle-wood-tree/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
 
<ref name="Cultivation details">[http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Anogeissus_latifolia.PDF Cultivation details]</ref>
 
<ref name="Cultivation details">[http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Anogeissus_latifolia.PDF Cultivation details]</ref>
 +
<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.25, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
 +
 +
 +
<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.579, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
−
* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anogeissus+latifolia Anogeissus latifolia on theferns.info]  
+
* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anogeissus+latifolia Anogeissus latifolia on The Ferns Information]  
−
* [https://www.feedipedia.org/node/186 Anogeissus latifolia on feedi pedia.org]
+
* [https://www.feedipedia.org/node/186 Anogeissus latifolia on Feedi pedia organisation]
 +
* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Axle%20Wood%20Tree.html Anogeissus latifolia on Flowers of India]
 +
* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31049 Anogeissus latifolia on India Bio-diversity]
 +
* [https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anogeissus+latifolia Anogeissus latifolia on The tropical ferns Information]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Combretaceae]]
 
[[Category:Combretaceae]]

Latest revision as of 13:54, 10 September 2023

Dhava, Anogeissus latifolia

Anogeissus latifolia is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree. It grows up to 20 metres tall. The bole can be unbranched for up to 15 metres. The tree is often harvested for its gum and tannins. It also yields a good quality wood and is planted in soil stabilization programmes.

Uses

Wound healing, Skin diseases, Diabetes, Anaemia, Hemorrhoids, Erisipelas, Piles[1][2]

Food

Dhava can be used in Food. Fried gum is used in preparation of ladoos (a sweet food item)[3].

Parts Used

Bark, Gum, Heartwood[2]

Chemical Composition

The leaves, bark and heartwood yield quinic and shikmik acids; leaves contain gallotannin (90–95% of the tannins). The young leaves and shoots contain 50% tannins (dry basis). The bark contains 12–18% tannins. Heartwood contains gallic acid, ellagic acid, its derivatives, quercetin andmyricetin.[4]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Dhinduga, Dindaga, Dindlu
Hindi Dhau, Dhawda, Dohu
Malayalam Malakanniram, Vellanaga
Tamil Vellai-nagai, Ekariyamaram, Vellainakam
Telugu Chirumaanu, Sirimaanu, Thirumaanu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Dhava, Dridhataru, Madhuratvacha, Nanditaru, Pishachavriksha, Shushkanga
English Dhawa, Button tree

[5]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Rooksha (Dry)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Pitta, Kapha

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Dhava Contains the Following nutritional components like - Vitamin-A and C; Calcium, Iron, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Zinc[3]

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Opposite or sometimes alternate Estipulate; petiole 5-15 mm, slender, grooved above, glabrous; lamina 2.5-18 x 1.7-9 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, suborbicular, or oblong-obovate

[6]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual Axillary globose heads Pale yellow 10 Peduncle puberulous; pedicel reduced or absent; calyx tube 2 winged, 3-5.5 mm long, produced above the ovary, villous inside, teeth 5, ovate-triangular. Flowering from August to January

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A drupe 6 - 8 mm across Greenish-yellow, compressed, puberulous, circular; wings 2, margin entire or slightly undulate, beaked; seed one, obovate. Fruiting from August to January

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Ayaskriti, Asanadi kashayam, Nyagrodadi churna, Bala oil[7]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Fruits should be collected only when they are fully ripe as immature seeds fail to germinate. The ripe fruits are collected from the trees, dried in the sun and then stored. Generally seed viability is low but increases after very dry seasons. Seed germination is increased by a 3-min hot water seed treatment. Seed storage in metal tins or polythene containers is the best. There are 105 000-125 000 seeds /kg[8]. Dhava is available through March to Septemebr[3].

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area

Photo Gallery

  • Flowers

  • Flower

  • Leaves

  • Leaf

  • Fruits

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Uses
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 ”Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume-3” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.579, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #6/7, Kaalika Soudha, Balepete cross, Bengaluru
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.25, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  4. ↑ Chemical composition
  5. ↑ Vernacular names
  6. ↑ Botonic description
  7. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  8. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Anogeissus_latifolia_-_Dhava&oldid=58412"