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Difference between revisions of "Dillenia indica - Bhavya"

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[[File:Dillenia indica - Elephant Apple at Kakkayam dam (6).jpg|thumb|right|''Bhavya'', ''Dillenia indica'']]
 
[[File:Dillenia indica - Elephant Apple at Kakkayam dam (6).jpg|thumb|right|''Bhavya'', ''Dillenia indica'']]
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'''Bhavya''' , Elephant apple is a very ornamental evergreen tree with a rounded crown and large corrugated leaves that can grow up to 30 metres tall, though is usually smaller. The bole can be 120cm in diameter, often branching from low down. The plant provides an edible fruit, polish, soap and medicines for the local people.
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'''Bhavya''' Elephant apple is a very ornamental evergreen tree with a rounded crown and large corrugated leaves that can grow up to 30 metres tall, though is usually smaller. The bole can be 120cm in diameter, often branching from low down. The plant provides an edible fruit, polish, soap and medicines for the local people.
  
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Pulp used as shampoo}}, {{Uses|Bad breath}}, {{Uses|Improves digestion}}, {{Uses|Goo for scalp}}
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{{Uses|Cough}}, {{Uses|Bad breath}}, {{Uses|Improves digestion}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
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<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}
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{{Parts Used|Fruits}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Stem  bark  of  D.  indica  contains  10%  Tannin,  Dillenetin, Betunaldehyde,  Betulinic  acid,  Flavonoids  like Rhamnetin, Dihydro Isorhamnetin, Lupeol, Myricetin,  Naringenin, Quercetin derivatives and Kaempferol glucoside etc.<ref name="Chemical Composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=bettakanagalu, kal tega,  naaythaeku|ml=punna, syalita, valappunna, valapunna, vazchapunnai|sa=bhavya, bhavyam, ruvya, picchila beeja|ta=uvatteku, uvav, kattarali, kurukati|te=kalinga, muchiru, peda kalinga, revadi chettu, uppu ponna, uva|hi=chalta, girnar|en=Elephant apple}}
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{{Common names|kn=Bettakanagalu, Kal tega,  Naaythaeku|ml=Punna, Syalita, Valappunna, Valapunna, Vazchapunnai|sa=Bhavya, Bhavyam, Ruvya, Picchila beeja|ta=Uvatteku, Uvav, Kattarali, Kurukati|te=Kalinga, Muchiru, Peda kalinga, Revadi chettu, Uppu ponna, uva|hi=Chalta, Girnar|en=Elephant apple}}<ref name="Common names"/>
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<ref name="Common names"/>
 
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate|Petiole 15-75 mm long, stout, sheathing, winged, tomentose, grooved above; lamina 18.5-30 × 5-10 cm, elliptic, oblanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, base cuneate, acute or attenuate, apex acute or acuminate, margin serrate to dentate, glabrous above, strigose or pubescent beneath; lateral nerves many, parallel, prominent, intercostae scalariform, faint.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Petiole 15-75 mm long, stout, sheathing, winged, tomentose, grooved above; lamina 18.5-30 × 5-10 cm, elliptic.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Bisexual|Terminal|White||12-15 cm across, solitary, white, terminal; pedicel 4-8 cm long, silky hairy; bracts to 5 mm long, solitary, median on pedicels, lanceolate; sepals 5, 4-6 × 3-5 cm, obovate, orbicular or elliptic, thick, fleshy; petals 5, 7-9 × 5-6 cm, obovate or oblong, white, veins green; stamens many, cohering slightly at base, in 2 series, outer 13-15 mm long, inner ones 20-22 mm long, inner ones arching over the short outer ones; carpels 14-20, cohering at the axis, ovules many; styles free, 18-25 mm long, flattened, oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, spreading, white. Pseudocarps yellowish-green, globular with enclosed sepals, 10-12 cm across. }}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|Terminal|White||12-15 cm across, solitary, white, terminal; pedicel 4-8 cm long. Flowering from June to November}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|aggregate of berries|3.5 × 1.5 cm||Globular, covered by overlapping circular scales|seeds 5, 6×4 mm, reniform, compressed, reddish, echinate with hairy margins.}}
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{{Fruit|Aggregate of berries|3.5 × 1.5 cm||Globular, covered by overlapping circular scales|Seeds 5, 6×4 mm, reniform, compressed|Fruiting from January to March}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
  
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Can be easily grown from seeds, but seeds have a short viability.
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===Season to grow===
 
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===Soil type===
 
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−
 
 
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===Propagation===
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Dillenia indica (2478651756).jpg
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File:Dillenia indica (2478651756).jpg|Nuts
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File:Dillenia indica (4592088972).jpg
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File:Dillenia indica (4592088972).jpg|Bark
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File:Dillenia indica - Elephant Apple at Kakkayam dam (8).jpg
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File:Dillenia indica - Elephant Apple at Kakkayam dam (8).jpg|Leaves
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File:Flower48.jpg
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File:Flower48.jpg|Flower
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File:Elephant Apple - മലമ്പുന്ന 01.JPG
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File:Elephant Apple - മലമ്പുന്ന 01.JPG|Whole tree
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File:Makok724.jpg
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File:Makok724.jpg|Fruits
  
  
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==References==
 
==References==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="Uses">[https://easyayurveda.com/2017/12/27/elephant-apple-dillenia-indica-bhavya/ "Uses"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://FLOWERING PLANTS OF KERALA VER.2, N. Sasidharan "BOTANIC DESCRIPTION"]</ref>
 
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<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search "Vernacular names"]</ref>
 
  
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/ Botanic Description]</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical Composition">[https://www.japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/1122_pdf.pdf Chemical Constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">"Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.481, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
  
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/indian-medicinal-plants/d/doc213964.html
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* [https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/indian-medicinal-plants/d/doc213964.html Dillenia indica on wisdomlib.org]
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* http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Dillenia+indica
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Dillenia+indica Dillenia indica on theferns.info]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
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[[Category:Tree]]
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[[Category:Dilleniaceae]]
  
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
 
[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]

Latest revision as of 12:31, 21 June 2023

Bhavya, Dillenia indica

Bhavya Elephant apple is a very ornamental evergreen tree with a rounded crown and large corrugated leaves that can grow up to 30 metres tall, though is usually smaller. The bole can be 120cm in diameter, often branching from low down. The plant provides an edible fruit, polish, soap and medicines for the local people.

Uses

Cough, Bad breath, Improves digestion[1]

Parts Used

Fruits[1]

Chemical Composition

Stem bark of D. indica contains 10% Tannin, Dillenetin, Betunaldehyde, Betulinic acid, Flavonoids like Rhamnetin, Dihydro Isorhamnetin, Lupeol, Myricetin, Naringenin, Quercetin derivatives and Kaempferol glucoside etc.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Bettakanagalu, Kal tega, Naaythaeku
Hindi Chalta, Girnar
Malayalam Punna, Syalita, Valappunna, Valapunna, Vazchapunnai
Tamil Uvatteku, Uvav, Kattarali, Kurukati
Telugu Kalinga, Muchiru, Peda kalinga, Revadi chettu, Uppu ponna, uva
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Bhavya, Bhavyam, Ruvya, Picchila beeja
English Elephant apple

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Madhura (Sweet), Amla (Sour), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Guru(Heavy), Picchila (Slimy)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Petiole 15-75 mm long, stout, sheathing, winged, tomentose, grooved above; lamina 18.5-30 × 5-10 cm, elliptic.

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual Terminal White 12-15 cm across, solitary, white, terminal; pedicel 4-8 cm long. Flowering from June to November

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Aggregate of berries 3.5 × 1.5 cm Globular, covered by overlapping circular scales Seeds 5, 6×4 mm, reniform, compressed Fruiting from January to March

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Can be easily grown from seeds, but seeds have a short viability.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Sub tropical area

Photo Gallery

  • Nuts

  • Bark

  • Leaves

  • Flower

  • Whole tree

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2" by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.481, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru.
  2. ↑ Chemical Constituents
  3. ↑ Vernacular names
  4. ↑ Botanic Description

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Dillenia_indica_-_Bhavya&oldid=57523"