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Bombax ceiba - Kutasalmali

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[[File:Bombax-flower-leaf.jpg|thumb|right|''Shalmali'', ''Silk Cotton Tree'']]
'''Bombax ceiba''' is a medicinal tree and is also referred as silent doctor. It is found in India, Malaysia, Sri lanka, Hong kong, Australia and Africa. Every part of this tree is used to treat various ailments.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Semen problems}}, {{Uses|Leucorrhoea}}, {{Uses|Over bleeding in menstruation}}, {{Uses|Acne}}, {{Uses|Skin blemish}}, {{Uses|Pigmentation}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cold}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}, {{Uses|Cough}}<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
Shalmali is a genus of mainly tropical trees ===Food===Bombax ceiba can be used in the mallow familyfood. They Young roots are native to western Africaroasted over fi re and eaten. Flower buds and fruits are cooked as vegetable, the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, as well as subtropical regions petals used inpreparation of jam<ref name="Forest foods of East Asia and northern Australia. Distinguish from the genus Ceiba which has whiter flowersWestern Ghat"/>.
Common names for the genus include silk cotton tree==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Flower}}, simal{{Parts Used|Leaf}}, red cotton tree{{Parts Used|Root}}, kapok, and simply bombax. In Chinese they are known as Mumian (Chinese: 木棉; pinyin: mùmián), meaning {{Parts Used|Bark}}<ref name="tree cottonKarnataka Medicinal Plants". Currently four species are recognised, although many plants have been placed in the genus that were later moved./>
The genus is best known for the species B==Chemical Composition==Stem and root bark contains lupeol, β-sitosterol, naphthoquinone compound, phenolic substances, a lactone, 4 sesquiterpenes. ceibaRoot yields triacontanol, which is widely cultivated throughout tropical and subβ-tropical regions of the world. It is native to southern and eastern Asia and northern Australiasitosterol.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
Bombax species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the leaf-miner Bucculatrix crateracma which feeds exclusively on Bombax ceiba.==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Marahatti, Kempu booruga|ml=Unnamurika|sa=Shalmali, Semul, Simul|ta=Sittan, Sanmali|te=Buruga|hi=Shalmali|en=Silk Cotton Tree, Kapok Tree}}
==Common nameProperties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.===Dravya===
* '''English''' - Red cotton tree===Rasa===Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Snigda (haevy)===Veerya===Sheeta (cold)===Vipaka===Madhura (Sweet)===Karma===
== External Links =Prabhava===
[https:===Nutritional components===Kutasalmali contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin-A, C and E; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Phosphorus, Sodium<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombax Bombax-Wikipedia]>
==Habit==
{{Habit|Deciduous tree}}
 
==Identification==
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple|Digitate|Leaf Shape is Oblong-lanceolate or elliptic and Leaf Arrangement is Alternate -spiral}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
 
===Flower===
{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Solitary, paired or clustered; blood red. Flowering from April-March}}
 
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|Oblong capsule|7–10 mm|Fruiting April onwards|A loculicidal, oblong capsule, 5-valved|Many}}
 
===Other features===
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
[[Shalmali ghrita]], [[Chandanasava]], [[Himasagara tailam]], [[Vigorex]], [[Gangadhara Churna]], [[Pushyanuga Churna]], [[Narasimha Lehya]], [[Palasugandi Lehya]], [[Abhayarishta]], [[Ushiraasava]], [[Jeevani]], [[Abhayalepa]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/><ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants"/>
 
==Where to get the saplings==
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
 
==Cultivation Details==
Seed - sown fresh, without pre-treatment, they have a high germination rate. Some reports suggest germination rates can be improved by pre-soaking the seeds for 12 hours prior to sowing<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>. Bombax ceiba is available through February to June<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
 
==Season to grow==
Summer
 
==Required Ecosystem/Climate==
It cannot grow in the shade. It prefers dry or moist soil.
 
==Kind of soil needed==
Light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.<ref name="Kind of soil needed"/>
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Hot region}}, {{Commonly seen|At elevations below 1,400 metres}}, {{Commonly seen|Humid lowland deciduous forests}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry river valleys}}.
 
==Photo Gallery==
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
Image:Bombax ceiba.jpg|Leaves
Image:Cotton tree at Tsing Yi Island.jpg|Flowering
File:Semal (Bombax ceiba)- Young tree in Kolkata W IMG 9737.jpg|Whole tree
Image:Bombax-flower-leaf.jpg|Flower
File:Semal (Bombax ceiba) trunk of an old tree in Kolkata W IMG 4122.jpg|Stem
File:HK CottonTreeSeed.JPG|Seeds
File:Flower of Bombax ceiba in Comilla.jpg|Flower
File:Shembal (Hindi- शेंबल) (2318485941).jpg|Fruits
File:Starr 070515-7030 Bombax ceiba.jpg|Floss
File:Bombax ceiba with Cracking Fruits.JPG|Opening fruits
</gallery>
 
==References==
<references>
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.mpbd.info/plants/bombax-ceiba.php Chemical constituents]</ref>
 
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2012/10/03/shalmali-silk-cotton-tree-ayurveda-use-formulations-home-remedies/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/31106 Morphology]</ref>
 
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bombax+ceiba Cultivation Details]</ref>
 
<ref name="Kind of soil needed">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Bombax+ceiba Kind of soil needed]</ref>
 
<ref name="Karnataka Medicinal Plants">Karnataka Medicinal Plants Volume - 2” by Dr.M. R. Gurudeva, Page No.234, Published by Divyachandra Prakashana, #45, Paapannana Tota, 1st Main road, Basaveshwara Nagara, Bengaluru. </ref>
 
<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No.30, Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
</references>
 
==External Links==
* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Silk%20Cotton%20Tree.html Bombax on flowers of india]
* [http://www.sanctuaryasia.com/photography/photofeature/9775-bombax-ceiba--one-tree-a-universe-by-raman-kulkarni.html Bombax Ceiba – One Tree, A Universe By Raman Kulkarni]
* [https://easyayurveda.com/2012/10/03/shalmali-silk-cotton-tree-ayurveda-use-formulations-home-remedies/ Bombax-uses, Homeremedies, Medicines]
* [https://www.bimbima.com/mens-health/medicinal-use-of-semal-or-silk-cotton-tree/1480/ Medicinal Use Of Semal Or Silk Cotton Tree]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Malvaceae]]
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