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Difference between revisions of "Cassia fistula - Aragvadha"

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[[File:Konnamaram.JPG|thumb|right|''Cissampelos'', '' Patha'']]
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[[File:Konnamaram.JPG|thumb|right|''Cassia fistula'']]
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'''Cassia fistula''' known as the golden rain tree. It is a flowering plant. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka. This tree is belongs to Caesalpiniaceae.<ref name="Plant family"/>
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'''Cassia fistula''' known as the golden rain tree, canafistula and by other names, is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka.  
 
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
 
{{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Rheumatic diseases}}, {{Uses|Cervical lyrnphadenitis}}, {{Uses|Cardiac diseases}}, {{Uses|Worm Infestations}}, {{Uses|Abdominal pain}}.
 
{{Uses|Fever}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Rheumatic diseases}}, {{Uses|Cervical lyrnphadenitis}}, {{Uses|Cardiac diseases}}, {{Uses|Worm Infestations}}, {{Uses|Abdominal pain}}.
 +
 +
===Food===
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Cassia fistula can be used in food. Tender leaves and fl ower buds are cooked as vegetable<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Fruit pulp}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|root}}
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{{Parts Used|Fruit pulp}}, {{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Leaf}}, {{Parts Used|Flower}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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Leaves contain anthraquinone derivatives, tannins, free rhein, rhein glycoside, Sennoside-A and Sennoside-B. They also contained kaempferol glycosides.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Pulp of the pod contains anthraquinone glycosides, sennosides A and B, rhein and its glucoside, barbaloin.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|sa=Krathamaala, Vyaadighata, Shampaaka|en=Indian Laburnum, Purging cassia|gu=Garamala, Garamalo|hi=Amaltas|kn=Aragvadha, Kakke, Kakke-gida, Kakkernara, Kakkedai, Rajataru|ks=Kriyangal Phali|ml=Konna, Kritamalam|mr=Bahava, Garamala, Amaltas|pa=Amaltas|ta=Sarakonrai, Sarak konnai, Sarak kondi, Sharakkonrai|te=Rela}}
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{{Common names|sa=Krathamaala, Vyaadighata, Shampaaka|en=Indian Laburnum, Purging cassia|gu=Garamala, Garamalo|hi=Amaltas|kn= ಕಕ್ಕೆಮರ Kakkemara, ಕೊಂದೆ Konde|ks=Kriyangal Phali|ml=Konna, Kritamalam|mr=Bahava, Garamala, Amaltas|pa=Amaltas|ta=Sarakonrai, Sarak konnai, Sarak kondi, Sharakkonrai|te=Rela}}.<ref name="Common names"/>
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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Recana
 
Recana
 
===Prabhava===
 
===Prabhava===
 +
 +
===Nutritional components===
 +
Cassia fistula contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin-E and C; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>.
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|alternate|pinnate|20 to 40 cm long pinnate, leaflets in 4 to 6 pairs, colour greenish, ovate with numerous nerves}}
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{{Leaf|Alternate|Pinnate|20 to 40 cm long pinnate, leaflets in 4 to 6 pairs, colour greenish, ovate with numerous nerves}} <ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|5 petals|bright yellowish|10 stemens|Lax pendulous racemes flowering season February to April }}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|5 petals|Bright yellowish|10 stemens|Lax pendulous racemes flowering season February to April }}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|cylindrical pod|30 to 45cm long|brownish black in colour|flat, testa very hard, smooth, numerous, present between the pulp|}}
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{{Fruit|Cylindrical pod|30 to 45cm long|Brownish black in colour|Flat, testa very hard, smooth, numerous, present between the pulp|}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Manasamitra vatakam]]
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* [[Maha Manjistadi kashayam]]
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* [[Kushta rakshasa taila]]
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* [[Maharasnadi kashayam]]
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* [[Aragwadhadi kashayam]]
 +
<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/>
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|cuttings}}, {{Propagation|layering}}, {{Propagation|vegitative}}
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{{Propagation|Cuttings}}, {{Propagation|Layering}}, {{Propagation|Vegetative}}
  
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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==Cultivation Details==
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Seed. The seeds have a hard seed coat and germination is improved by mechanical scarification or treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid for at least 45 minutes. Pre-soaking for 12 - 24 hours in warm water can also be tried. The seed should be sown in full light, and adequate water supply is required for optimal germination - the seed can increase three times in weight by absorbing water. Germination takes place within a few days. Direct sowing is practised in Asia. Seed can be stored for prolonged periods without loss of viability. Cuttings of half ripe wood.<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
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Seed. The seeds have a hard seed coat and germination is improved by mechanical scarification or treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid for at least 45 minutes<ref name="Cultivation details"/>. Cassia fistula is available through March- October<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Dry deciduous forests}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
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<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://ijam.co.in/index.php/ijam/article/view/48/39 "Phytochemistry"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Phytochemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cassia+fistula "Cultivation details"]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cassia+fistula Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2012/12/26/aragvadha-cassia-fistula-uses-qualities-ayurveda-details/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref>
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<ref name="Common names">[https://sites.google.com/site/indiannamesofplants/via-species/c/cassia-fistula Common name]</ref>
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<ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:57</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of  Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 110</ref>
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<ref name="Forest foods of Western Ghat">"Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No. Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/amaltas-cassia-fistula Cassia fistula on planet ayurveda]
 
* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/amaltas-cassia-fistula Cassia fistula on planet ayurveda]
 
* [http://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/b04cff8ef127a160c81ed40fbae69276/dbe4e18cf3bb9c8e80cc41366d7f3b09 Cassia fistula on envis centre on medicinal plants]
 
* [http://envis.frlht.org/plantdetails/b04cff8ef127a160c81ed40fbae69276/dbe4e18cf3bb9c8e80cc41366d7f3b09 Cassia fistula on envis centre on medicinal plants]
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[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Fabaceae]]
 
[[Category:Fabaceae]]

Latest revision as of 11:22, 27 October 2021

Cassia fistula

Cassia fistula known as the golden rain tree. It is a flowering plant. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from southern Pakistan eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka. This tree is belongs to Caesalpiniaceae.[1]

Uses

Fever, Skin diseases, Rheumatic diseases, Cervical lyrnphadenitis, Cardiac diseases, Worm Infestations, Abdominal pain.

Food

Cassia fistula can be used in food. Tender leaves and fl ower buds are cooked as vegetable[2].

Parts Used

Fruit pulp, Bark, Root, Leaf, Flower.

Chemical Composition

Pulp of the pod contains anthraquinone glycosides, sennosides A and B, rhein and its glucoside, barbaloin.[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಕಕ್ಕೆಮರ Kakkemara, ಕೊಂದೆ Konde
Hindi Amaltas
Malayalam Konna, Kritamalam
Tamil Sarakonrai, Sarak konnai, Sarak kondi, Sharakkonrai
Telugu Rela
Marathi Bahava, Garamala, Amaltas
Gujarathi Garamala, Garamalo
Punjabi Amaltas
Kashmiri Kriyangal Phali
Sanskrit Krathamaala, Vyaadighata, Shampaaka
English Indian Laburnum, Purging cassia

.[4]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Madhura (Sweet)

Guna

Guru

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Recana

Prabhava

Nutritional components

Cassia fistula contains the Following nutritional components like Vitamin-E and C; Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium[2].

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Alternate Pinnate 20 to 40 cm long pinnate, leaflets in 4 to 6 pairs, colour greenish, ovate with numerous nerves

[5]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 5 petals Bright yellowish 10 stemens Lax pendulous racemes flowering season February to April

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Cylindrical pod 30 to 45cm long Brownish black in colour Flat, testa very hard, smooth, numerous, present between the pulp {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

[6]

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Cuttings, Layering, Vegetative

Cultivation Details

Seed. The seeds have a hard seed coat and germination is improved by mechanical scarification or treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid for at least 45 minutes[7]. Cassia fistula is available through March- October[2]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area, Dry deciduous forests.

Photo Gallery

  • Amaltas (Cassia fistula) leaves in Hyderabad, AP W 289.jpg
  • Cassia fistula-flower-detail.jpg
  • Kanikkonnappoo.JPG

  • Flowers

  • Flower

  • Pod

  • Seeds

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:57
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Forest food for Northern region of Western Ghats" by Dr. Mandar N. Datar and Dr. Anuradha S. Upadhye, Page No. Published by Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science (MACS) Agharkar Research Institute, Gopal Ganesh Agarkar Road, Pune
  3. ↑ Phytochemistry
  4. ↑ Common name
  5. ↑ Kappatagudda - A Repertoire of Medicianal Plants of Gadag by Yashpal Kshirasagar and Sonal Vrishni, Page No. 110
  6. ↑ Ayurvedic preparations
  7. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

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