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Difference between revisions of "Dichrostachys cinerea - Virataru"

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[[File:Dichrostachys cinerea (8444618244).jpg|thumb|right|''Virataru'', ''Dichrostachys cinerea'']]
 
[[File:Dichrostachys cinerea (8444618244).jpg|thumb|right|''Virataru'', ''Dichrostachys cinerea'']]
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'''Virataru''', is a deciduous or semi-deciduous shrub or small tree with an open crown; it can grow from 1 - 8 metres tall, with occasional specimens to 12 metres. The plant is covered with spines and is sometimes suckering and thicket-forming. A true multi-purpose tree, providing food, medicines, fuel and various commodities.
 
  
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'''Virataru''' is a deciduous or semi-deciduous shrub. It can grow upto 1 - 8 metres tall. The plant is covered with spines and is sometimes suckering and thicket-forming. A true multi-purpose tree, providing food, medicines, fuel and various commodities. This shrub is belongs to Memosaceae family. <ref name="Plant family"/>
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Excessive thirst}}, {{Uses|Kidney stones}}, {{Uses|Gynecological disorders}}, {{Uses|Urinary retention}}
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{{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Excessive thirst}}, {{Uses|Kidney stones}}, {{Uses|Gynecological disorders}}, {{Uses|Urinary retention}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
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<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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It contain apigenin-7-O-apiosyl (1 → 2) glucoside (1) (Liet al., 1997), chrysoeriol-7-O-apiosyl (1 → 2) glucoside (2) (Lin etal, 2007) and the major compound clovamid. <ref name="Chemical Composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=edathari, oda thare, vaduvaarada gida, vaduvarada|ml=viravrksam, vitattal|sa=bahuvaraka, dirghamula, krichhari, kshudhakushalasandnaka, mahakapitha, vallataru, vellantaru, virataruh, viravriksha|ta=karukavi, vadataram, vidattalai, vitattali|te=nalla venuturu, velthuru, veluthuru chettu, |hi=goya-khair, kheri|en=Sicklebush}}
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{{Common names|kn=ಎಡತರಿ Edatari, ಶಮಿ Shami|ml=Viravrksam, Vitattal|sa=Bahuvaraka, Dirghamula|ta=Karukavi, Vadataram, Vidattalai, Vitattali|te=Nalla venuturu, Velthuru, Veluthuru chettu|hi=Goya-khair, Kheri|en=Sicklebush}}.<ref name="Common names"/>
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<ref name="Common names"/>
 
  
 
==Properties==
 
==Properties==
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Bipinnate|alternate|stipulate; stipules 2, minute, lateral; rachis 30-65 mm, slender, pulvinate, pubescent; pinnae 5-15 pairs, 1.5-2 cm, opposite, even pinnate, slender, pulvinate, pubescent, with a gland between each pairs; leaflets 24-50, opposite, sessile, estipellate; lamina 0.2-0.3 x 0.1 cm, oblong, base obtuse, apex acute, margin entire, ciliate, tomentose, chartaceous; nerves obscure. }}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Bipinnate|Alternate|Stipulate; stipules 2, minute, lateral.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Polygamous|solitary or axillary spikes|Pink and yellow|10|upper flowers bisexual, yellow; lower ones neutar, pink or purple; bracts oblong; calyx tube campanulate, lobes 5; petals 5, lanceolate connate below, pubescent, valvate; stamens 10, free, exserted, anthers ending in stalked glands; ovary 0.5 mm, subssessile, pubescent; style 3 mm; stigma terminal, truncate.}}
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{{Flower|Polygamous|Solitary or axillary spikes|Pink and yellow|10|Upper flowers bisexual, yellow; lower ones neutar, pink or purple.}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|A Pod|||linear, flat, coiled, continuous within, indehiscent or opening from apex|seeds 4-6, ovoid, compressed.}}
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{{Fruit|A Pod|||Linear, flat, coiled, continuous within, indehiscent or opening from apex|Seeds 4-6, ovoid, compressed.}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
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Fruits should be collected from the shrub or tree as soon as they are mature, after which the seeds should be extracted<ref name="Cultivation details"/>
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Fruits should be collected from the shrub or tree as soon as they are mature, after which the seeds should be extracted. They can be sown directly into the field. Immersion of the seed in water for 24 hours improves the germination rate, as well as scarification. Pre-treatment with concentrated sulphuric acid for 25 minutes gives optimum results, with more than 75% germination of fresh seeds in 3–7 days. Propagation by root suckers and cuttings is easy. <ref name="Cultivation details"/>
 
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
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<ref name="Cultivation details">[https://uses.plantnet-project.org/en/Dichrostachys_cinerea_(PROTA) Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical Composition">[https://www.japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/2428_pdf.pdf Chemical constituents]</ref>
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<ref name="Plant family">Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:317</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Dichrostachys+cinerea]  
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Dichrostachys+cinerea Dichrostachys cinerea on theferns.info]  
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* [http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Dichrostachys_cinerea.PDF]
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* [http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb/AFTPDFS/Dichrostachys_cinerea.PDF Dichrostachys cinerea on worldagroforestry.org]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Fabaceae]]
 
[[Category:Fabaceae]]

Latest revision as of 16:24, 15 October 2020

Virataru, Dichrostachys cinerea

Virataru is a deciduous or semi-deciduous shrub. It can grow upto 1 - 8 metres tall. The plant is covered with spines and is sometimes suckering and thicket-forming. A true multi-purpose tree, providing food, medicines, fuel and various commodities. This shrub is belongs to Memosaceae family. [1]

Uses

Diarrhea, Excessive thirst, Kidney stones, Gynecological disorders, Urinary retention.[2]

Parts Used

Bark, Root, Heartwood

Chemical Composition

It contain apigenin-7-O-apiosyl (1 → 2) glucoside (1) (Liet al., 1997), chrysoeriol-7-O-apiosyl (1 → 2) glucoside (2) (Lin etal, 2007) and the major compound clovamid. [3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada ಎಡತರಿ Edatari, ಶಮಿ Shami
Hindi Goya-khair, Kheri
Malayalam Viravrksam, Vitattal
Tamil Karukavi, Vadataram, Vidattalai, Vitattali
Telugu Nalla venuturu, Velthuru, Veluthuru chettu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Bahuvaraka, Dirghamula
English Sicklebush

.[4]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent)

Guna

Laghu (Light)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Vata and Kapha

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Bipinnate Alternate Stipulate; stipules 2, minute, lateral.

[5]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Polygamous Solitary or axillary spikes Pink and yellow 10 Upper flowers bisexual, yellow; lower ones neutar, pink or purple.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A Pod Linear, flat, coiled, continuous within, indehiscent or opening from apex Seeds 4-6, ovoid, compressed. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Fruits should be collected from the shrub or tree as soon as they are mature, after which the seeds should be extracted[6]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area.

Photo Gallery

  • Flowers

  • Flowers

  • Leaves and flowers

  • Pods

  • Seeds

References

  1. ↑ Karnataka Aushadhiya Sasyagalu By Dr.Maagadi R Gurudeva, Page no:317
  2. ↑ Uses
  3. ↑ Chemical constituents
  4. ↑ Vernacular names
  5. ↑ Botonic description
  6. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Dichrostachys_cinerea_-_Virataru&oldid=53003"