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Piper betle - Nagavallari

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[[File:Piper betle plant.jpg|thumb|right|''betel leaf'', ''Piper betle'', ''Nagavallari'']]
'''Piper betle''' is eulogized by ayurveda acharyas for their immense medicinal properties. Piper betle is a vine which belongs to Piperacea family. This vine has heart shaped leaves and is mostly grown in South East Asia.
==Uses==
{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Joint pains}}, {{Uses|Stomach colicky}}, {{Uses|Indigestion}}, {{Uses|Bad breath}}, {{Uses|Weight loss}}, {{Uses|Erectile disfunction}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}.
'''Betelleaves or paan patta''' are eulogized by ayurveda acharyas for their immense medicinal properties. Betel plant or Piper betle is a vine which belongs to Piperacea family. This vine has heart shaped leaves and is mostly grown in South East Asia. In Sanskrit it is known as Nagavallari ( a vine which creeps like a naga or serpent) or Sapthashira (a leaf which contains seven veins)==Parts Used=={{Parts Used|Vines}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Fruits}}.<ref name="int"/>
== Uses Chemical Composition==Leaf contains Water (85-90%), Proteins (3-3.5%), Carbohydrates (0.5-6.1%), Minerals (2.3-3.3%), Fat (0.4-1%), Fibre (2.3%), Essential oil (0.08-0.2%), Tannin (0.1-1.3%), Alkaloid. <ref name="chemical composition"/>
The primary use of betel leaf is as a wrapper for the chewing of areca nut or tobacco where it is mainly used to add flavour. It may also be used in cooking, usually raw, for its peppery taste.==Common names=={{Common names|kn=Veelyade Ele|ml=|sa=|ta=Vettilai|te=Tamalapaku|hi=|en=Betel pepper}}
The health benefits of betel leaves are masked due to its usage in Quid. A quid is a small parcel in which areca nuts==Properties==Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, slaked limeKarma - Pharmacological activity, tobacco powder etc are wrapped in betel leafPrabhava - Therepeutics. These Quids are chewed to get a high. A large population of South East Asia consumes quids which are known to cause cancer. This may be due to irritants which are used with betel leaves. Many studies have shown that betel leaves have anti cancer properties.<ref name===Dravya==="int"/>
According to principles of ayurveda these leaves are light to digest and hot in potency. They balance vata and kapha===Rasa===Tikta (Bitter), but vitiate pitta. The following uses of betel leaves are indicated in ayurveda.Kashaya (Astringent)===Guna===Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)===Veerya===Ushna (Hot)===Vipaka===Katu (Pungent)===Karma===Kapha, Vata===Prabhava===
In wounds: The paste of these leaves can be applied on chronic wounds. It’s antibacterial, anti inflammatory and cleansing properties help to clean the wound, reduce pain and accelerate healing process.==Habit=={{Habit|Evergreen climbing shrub }}
==Identification=====Leaf==={{Leaf|Simple|Ovate-oblong|Those at apex of stem sometimes elliptic, 7-15 × 5-11 cm}}<ref name="Leaf"/> ===Flower==={{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|2|Flowers Season is May-Jul}} ===Fruit==={{Fruit|General|7–10 mm|Clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown||Many}} ===Other features=== ==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==* [[Nagavallabha rasa]]* [[Brihat Vishama Jwarantak lauh]]<ref name="Ayurvedic preparations"/> ==Where to get the saplings====Mode of Propagation=={{Propagation|Cuttings}}. ==How to plant/cultivate==Cuttings 30 - 45cm long, taken from the tips of vertical shoots.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/> ==Commonly seen growing in areas=={{Commonly seen|Trophical area}}, {{Commonly seen|Coastal areas}}. ==Photo Gallery==<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">Image:Betel leaf in Jaflong Sylhet Bangladesh 06.JPGImage:Piper betle plant.jpgImage:Piper betle leaf.jpgImage:Betel leaf betel nuts and lime.jpgImage:Paan Making.jpgImage:Piper betel's leaf.jpgImage:Piper betle Blanco1.12.jpgImage:BetelLeaf_GPalms1_Asit.jpg|Betel Leaves growing in water without soilImage:BetelLeaf_GPalms2_Asit.jpg|Betel Leaves growing in water without soilImage:BetelLeaf_GPalms3_Asit.jpg|Close-up of Betel LeavesFile:Betel flower.jpg|Flower </gallery> == References == <references><ref name="intchemical composition">[httphttps://www.ayurhelpbimbima.com/articlesayurveda/ayurvedamedicinal-uses-of-betel-healthleafpaan/302/ Constituents]</ref> <ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/491360/details Morphology]</ref><ref name="Ayurvedic preparations">[https://easyayurveda.com/2019/05/23/betel-benefits-beteluses-side-effects-dose-leaves#research/ Ayurvedic preparations]</ref> <ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.WGs1DUSY48o Ayurveda Health Benefits of Betel Leavesinfo/viewtropical.php?id=Piper+betle Cultivation details]</ref>
</references>
== External Links ==* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308814604001050 Piper betle on science direct]* [http://eol.org/pages/491360/overview Piper betle on encyclopedea of life]* [http://www.stuartxchange.com/Ikmo.html Piper betle on philippine medicinal plants]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betel Betel-Wikipedia]
[[Category:Herbs]]
[[Category:Piperaceae]]
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