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'''Kālīyaka''' consists of the dried root & stem of Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. (Fam. Menispermaceae), is a large woody climber with stout stem and branches, occurring in the Western Ghats.  

Alkaloids-berberine, palmitine, jatrorrhizine, proto-berberne, N-dilindacarpine, thalifendine and columbamine.The stems and roots of Kalambaka contain alkaloids including berberine. 3.5–5% and jatorrhizine. Stems contain ceryl palmitic acid and oleic acid <ref name="chemical composition"/>

{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Green|Borne in dense globose heads|t It is a dioecious plant and comes to bloom from August to October}}

<ref name="chemical composition">The Ayuredic Pharmacopoeia of India Part-1, Volume-5, Page no-10[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref><ref name="Leaf">[http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/coscinium-fenestratum"Morphology"]</ref><ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[ "Cultivation detail"]</ref>

*[https://scialert.net/fulltextmobile/?doi=jps.2008.133.145Coscinium fenestratum on scialert.net]*[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Coscinium+fenestratumCoscinium fenestratum on theferns.info]*[http://envis.frlht.org/junclist.php?txtbtname=&gesp=656%7CCoscinium+fenestratum+%28GAERTN.%29+COLEBCoscinium fenestratum on frlht.org]