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Difference between revisions of "Anamirta cocculus - Garalaphala"

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(Created page with "thumb|right|''Garalaphala'', ''Anamirta cocculus'' '''Garalaphala''' is a large, dioecious climbing plant, with stems up to 15 metres long...")
 
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[[File:Anamirta cocculus 0790.jpg|thumb|right|''Garalaphala'', ''Anamirta cocculus'']]
 
[[File:Anamirta cocculus 0790.jpg|thumb|right|''Garalaphala'', ''Anamirta cocculus'']]
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'''Garalaphala''' is a large, dioecious climbing plant, with stems up to 15 metres long. These stems scramble over the ground and twine into other plants for support, the stems twining to the left. The plant is not usually cultivated, but is often harvested from the wild for its medicinal uses.
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'''Garalaphala''' is a large, dioecious climbing plant. These stems scramble over the ground and twine into other plants for support. The plant is not usually cultivated, but is often harvested from the wild for its medicinal uses.
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==Uses==
 
==Uses==
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{{Uses|Ulcer}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Bronchitis}}, {{Uses|Cough}}
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{{Uses|Ulcer}}, {{Uses|Inflammation}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Bronchitis}}, {{Uses|Cough}}.<ref name="Uses"/>
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<ref name="Uses"/>
 
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
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The leaves and fruit contain picrotoxin (up to 5%) and alkaloids. Picrotoxin (sesquiterpene glycoside) is
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a powerful poison and nerve stimulant. Picrotoxin at 20 mg is toxic, and two to three berries are lethal. (Francis Brinker.) <ref name="Chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn= chippula kaayi, garuda phala, haenu beeja, kaage maari|ml=nanjukuru, kantakakonnuveli, karantakam|sa=dhvankshanakhi, garalaphala, kakadani, kakamari, kakanashika, kakaphala, raktala|ta=kakamari, kakanacam, kakkai kolli, muratayam, nancukkottai, pen kottai|te=kaaka maari, kaaki chempa, koditige, thippathige|hi=kakmari|en=Fish berry}}
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{{Common names|kn= Chippula kaayi, Garuda phala, Haenu beeja, Kaage maari|ml=Nanjukuru, kantakakonnuveli, Karantakam|sa=Dhvankshanakhi, Garalaphala, Kakadani, Kakamari, Kakanashika, Kakaphala, Raktala|ta=Kakamari, Kakanacam, Kakkai kolli, Muratayam, Nancukkottai, Pen kottai|te=Kaaka maari, Kaaki chempa, Koditige, Thippathige|hi=Kakmari|en=Fish berry}}
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
 
<ref name="Common names"/>
  
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|alternate| 20-25 x 15-19 cm, glabrous, broadly ovate, apex acute, base truncate, margin entire; 5-ribbed, coriaceous; petiole 8-13 cm long.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate| 20-25 x 15-19 cm, glabrous, broadly ovate, apex acute, base truncate, margin entire; 5-ribbed, coriaceous; petiole 8-13 cm long.}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|large drooping panicles on old branches||9| Sepals 6 in 2 rows, 3 x 2 mm, ovate, yellow. Petals absent. Stamens 9, combined into a globose staminal column, anthers sessile; staminodes 9 in female flowers, obovate, scaly. Carpels 3, free; style absent; stigma recurved. }}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|Large drooping panicles on old branches||9| Sepals 6 in 2 rows, 3 x 2 mm, ovate, yellow. Petals absent. Stamens 9, combined into a globose staminal column, anthers sessile; staminodes 9 in female flowers, obovate, scaly. Carpels 3, free; style absent; stigma recurved. }}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|A drupe|1 cm||obliquely ovoid, gibbous, black, smooth; seeds 1, black, glabrous.|}}
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{{Fruit|A drupe|1 cm||Obliquely ovoid, gibbous, black, smooth; seeds 1, black, glabrous.|}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
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<references>  
 
<references>  
 
<ref name="Uses">[http://dhaarrii.blogspot.com/2009/09/anamirta-cocculus.html Uses]</ref>
 
<ref name="Uses">[http://dhaarrii.blogspot.com/2009/09/anamirta-cocculus.html Uses]</ref>
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<ref name="Chemical composition">[http://gbpihedenvis.nic.in/PDFs/Glossary_Medicinal_Plants_Springer.pdf Chemical composition]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Leaf">[http://keralaplants.in/flowering-plants-kerala-dvd.aspx Botonic description]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
 
<ref name="Common names">[http://envis.frlht.org/bot_search Vernacular names]</ref>
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==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anamirta+cocculus]  
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* [http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Anamirta+cocculus Anamirta cocculus on the ferns.info]  
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* [https://uses.plantnet-project.org/en/Anamirta_cocculus_(PROSEA)]
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* [https://uses.plantnet-project.org/en/Anamirta_cocculus_(PROSEA) Anamirta cocculus on plantnet-project.org]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Plants of western ghats]]
 
[[Category:Climber]]
 
[[Category:Climber]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]

Latest revision as of 12:42, 24 March 2020

Garalaphala, Anamirta cocculus

Garalaphala is a large, dioecious climbing plant. These stems scramble over the ground and twine into other plants for support. The plant is not usually cultivated, but is often harvested from the wild for its medicinal uses.

Uses

Ulcer, Inflammation, Skin diseases, Bronchitis, Cough.[1]

Parts Used

Fruits, Leaves

Chemical Composition

The leaves and fruit contain picrotoxin (up to 5%) and alkaloids. Picrotoxin (sesquiterpene glycoside) is a powerful poison and nerve stimulant. Picrotoxin at 20 mg is toxic, and two to three berries are lethal. (Francis Brinker.) [2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Chippula kaayi, Garuda phala, Haenu beeja, Kaage maari
Hindi Kakmari
Malayalam Nanjukuru, kantakakonnuveli, Karantakam
Tamil Kakamari, Kakanacam, Kakkai kolli, Muratayam, Nancukkottai, Pen kottai
Telugu Kaaka maari, Kaaki chempa, Koditige, Thippathige
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Dhvankshanakhi, Garalaphala, Kakadani, Kakamari, Kakanashika, Kakaphala, Raktala
English Fish berry

[3]

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Teekshna (Strong)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Climber

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate 20-25 x 15-19 cm, glabrous, broadly ovate, apex acute, base truncate, margin entire; 5-ribbed, coriaceous; petiole 8-13 cm long.

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual Large drooping panicles on old branches 9 Sepals 6 in 2 rows, 3 x 2 mm, ovate, yellow. Petals absent. Stamens 9, combined into a globose staminal column, anthers sessile; staminodes 9 in female flowers, obovate, scaly. Carpels 3, free; style absent; stigma recurved.

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
A drupe 1 cm Obliquely ovoid, gibbous, black, smooth; seeds 1, black, glabrous. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Season to grow

Soil type

Propagation

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical area.

Photo Gallery

  • Young leaves

  • Leaves

  • Flowers

  • Leaf

  • Fruits

References

  1. ↑ Uses
  2. ↑ Chemical composition
  3. ↑ Vernacular names
  4. ↑ Botonic description

External Links

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