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Difference between revisions of "Saussurea lappa - Kusta"

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'''Saussurea costus''', commonly known as '''costus''' or '''kuth''', is a species of thistle in the genus Saussurea native to South Asia. Essential oils extracted from the root is used in traditional medicine and in perfumes since ancient times.<ref name="int"/>
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'''Saussurea costus''' is a species of thistle in the genus Saussurea native to South Asia. Essential oils extracted from the root is used in traditional medicine and in perfumes since ancient times.
  
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It has a large number of names in other languages, including kustha in Sanskrit; kust or qust in Arabic and Persian; kut, kur, and pachak in Hindi and Bengali, kostum, gostham, and potchuk in Tamil; upaleta and kur in Gujarati; kot or kust in Punjabi; changala in Telugu; sepuddy in Malayalam; kostha in Kannada; kuth or postkhai in Kashmiri; and kosht (קשט) in Hebrew.<ref name="int2"/>
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|cough}}, {{Uses|asthma}}, {{Uses|fever}}, {{Uses|ulcers}}, {{Uses|hair problems}}, {{Uses|Indigestion}}, {{Uses|gas problems}}, {{Uses|Intestinal diseases}}, {{Uses|cholera}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|Stem}}.
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It is usually found at elevations of 2,500 to 3,000 m (8,202.1 to 9,842.5 ft) asl in South Asia; including the Himalayas, Kashmir, Jammu, Western Ghats, and the Kishenganga Valley.
 
  
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It has long lyrate leaves and heads of purple florets.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Phytochemical analysis of S. lappa roots showed the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, triterpenes, steroids, glycosides etc. S. lappa roots are rich source of sesquiterpenoids specially sesquiterpene lactones<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=kankushta, koshta|ml=sepuddy|sa=kustha|ta=Potchuk|te=changala|hi=kut, kur|en=Kust}}
  
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*The root of Saussurea costus has been used as an incense and perfume ingredient for thousands of years and is mentioned in rabbinical writings as kosht (Hebrew: קשט‎‎), reflecting its arrowhead shape. It was used in Ketoret which is used when referring to the consecrated incense described in the Hebrew Bible and Talmud.
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==Properties==
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*In traditional Chinese medicine, the root is one of the 50 fundamental herbs. It has the name (Chinese: 云木香; pinyin: yún mù xiāng, meaning “wood aroma”). It forms a main ingredient in the Chinese pastille rods known as joss sticks. It is also used as incense.
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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*In Ayurveda the name Kushta refers to an ancient Vedic plant god mentioned in the Atharvaveda as a remedy for takman, the archetypal disease of excess or jvara (fever). In ancient India Kushta was considered to be a divine plant derived from heavenly sources, growing high in the Himalayas, considered to be the brother of the divine Soma. In Ayurveda Kushta is a rasayana for Vata, helping to normalize and strengthen digestion, cleanse the body of toxic accumulations, enhance fertility, and reduce pain.[Clarification needed]
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===Dravya===
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*In India it is also given as a medicine for cough, asthma, fever, and cholera.[citation needed] Its dried powder is the principal ingredient in an ointment for ulcers; it is also a hair wash.
 
  
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==Common name==
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter).
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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* '''English''' -  costus
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==Habit==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಕೋಸ್ತ
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{{Habit|Herb}}
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* '''Hindi''' - पचक
 
  
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== References ==
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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<references>
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===Flower===
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<ref name="int">[http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0066300  "Sesquiterpene Lactones Downregulate G2/M Cell Cycle Regulator Proteins and Affect the Invasive Potential of Human Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cells"]</ref>
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
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<ref name="int2">[http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10531-004-4365-x "Kuth (Saussurea lappa) cultivation in the cold desert environment of the Lahaul valley, northwestern Himalaya, India: arising threats and need to revive socio-economic values"]</ref>
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Division in spring}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Succeeds in most soils in a sunny well-drained position<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Saussurea ¿ costus ? (7839595576).jpg
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File:Saussurea costus (7838353692).jpg
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File:Saussurea costus (7838360258).jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2017/vol6issue4/PartS/6-3-32-604.pdf "Chemical Composition "]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Saussurea+costus "Cultivation details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.planetayurveda.com/library/kushta-saussurea-lappa Saussurea costus on planet ayurveda]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saussurea_costus Saussurea costus]
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* [http://urbol.com/benefits-costus-saussurea-lappa/ Bnefits of Saussurea costus]
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* [https://easyayurveda.com/2013/09/19/kushta-saussurea-lappa-benefits-usage-dose-side-effects/ Saussurea costus on easy ayurveda]
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* [https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/costus-root-essential-oil/ Costus root essential oil facts and health benefits]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 16:20, 6 June 2018

Saussurea costus is a species of thistle in the genus Saussurea native to South Asia. Essential oils extracted from the root is used in traditional medicine and in perfumes since ancient times.

Uses

cough, asthma, fever, ulcers, hair problems, Indigestion, gas problems, Intestinal diseases, cholera.

Parts Used

Roots, Stem.

Chemical Composition

Phytochemical analysis of S. lappa roots showed the presence of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, triterpenes, steroids, glycosides etc. S. lappa roots are rich source of sesquiterpenoids specially sesquiterpene lactones[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada kankushta, koshta
Hindi kut, kur
Malayalam sepuddy
Tamil Potchuk
Telugu changala
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit kustha
English Kust


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter).

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Division in spring.

How to plant/cultivate

Succeeds in most soils in a sunny well-drained position[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tall grasslands, meadows, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Saussurea ¿ costus ? (7839595576).jpg
  • Saussurea costus (7838353692).jpg
  • Saussurea costus (7838360258).jpg

References

  1. ↑ "Chemical Composition "
  2. ↑ "wayback machine"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation details"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Saussurea_lappa_-_Kusta&oldid=16319"