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Difference between revisions of "Berberis vulgaris - Daruharidra"

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{{stub}}
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[[File:Berberis vulgaris3.jpg|thumb|right|''Berberis vulgaris'', ''Barberry'']]
 
[[File:Berberis vulgaris3.jpg|thumb|right|''Berberis vulgaris'', ''Barberry'']]
 
[[File:BerberisAculeata.jpg|thumb|right|''Berberis aristata'']]
 
[[File:BerberisAculeata.jpg|thumb|right|''Berberis aristata'']]
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}<ref name="Uses"/>
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It is a deciduous shrub growing up to 4 m high. The leaves are small oval, 2–5 cm long and 1–2 cm broad, with a serrated margin; they are borne in clusters of 2-5 together, subtended by a three-branched spine 3–8 mm long. The flowers are yellow, 4–6 mm across, produced on 3–6 cm long panicles in late spring. The fruit is an oblong red berry 7–10 mm long and 3–5 mm broad, ripening in late summer or autumn; they are edible but very sour, and rich in Vitamin C.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Stem}}, {{Parts Used|Root}}, {{Parts Used|Fruit}}.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Extracts from the inner stem bark of Berberis vulgaris were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
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*The berries are edible and rich in vitamin C, though with a very sharp flavor; the thorny shrubs make harvesting them difficult, so in most places, they are not widely consumed. They are an important food for many small birds, which disperse the seeds in their droppings.
 
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*In Europe, the berries have been traditionally used as an ingredient in making jam.
 
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*In Iran, barberries are commonly used as a currant in rice pilaf.
 
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*Zereshk is widely used in cooking, imparting a tart flavor to chicken dishes. It is usually cooked with rice, called zereshk polo, and provides a nice meal with chicken.
 
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*The plant is both poisonous and used in folk medicine.<ref name="uses"/>
 
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*A decoction of the plant has been used to treat gastrointestinal ailments and coughs.<ref name="uses2"/>
 
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*The use of the plant in traditional medicine has been limited by the bitter taste of the bark and root.
 
  
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== Medicinal use ==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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The root bark contains berberine, quaternary ammonium salt of isoquinoline alkaloid. Berberine has antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antioxidant properties. It can possess anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-diabetic activities. A women’s university in India, Shri Padmavathi Mahila Viswavidyalayam Tirupati, conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of ayurvedic medicine. They designed a study to provide scientific evidence for the use of Berberis aristata in the treatment of urinary troubles caused as a side effect of the anti-cancer chemotherapy drug, cisplatin. Cisplatin is known to cause nephrotoxicity which is a renal disease or dysfunction. In conclusion, the researchers found that the side effects of cisplatin were reversed by the antioxidant properties of the decoction of root bark of Berberis aristata.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|oval|Leavesare  0.75-2 in. (2-5 cm) long, 0.25-0.75 in. (1-2 cm) wide, serrate and occur in clusters of 2-5. Each cluster of leaves is subtended by a short, three-branched spine}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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Other research universities in India also studied the medicinal properties of Berberis aristata. In a scientific study of the anti-diabetic activity of the plant, diabetic rats treated with the ethanol extract of the roots showed a significant reduction of serum glucose level. It also showed a significant increase in the level of HDL cholesterol. Additional research must be conducted to determine if the hypolipidemic properties of the plant could serve as a protective mechanism against the development of atherosclerosis, which is usually associated with diabetes.
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|less than 0.25 in. (6 mm) wide|yellow|5-20|Flowering occurs in May to June and The flowers have an unpleasant odor}}
  
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A preparation called rasaunt is prepared from this plant. Rasaunt is prepared by boiling the bark of the root and of the lower part of the stem in water. The solution is then strained and evaporated till a semi-solid mass is obtained; this is rasaunt. It is mixed with either butter and alum, or with opium and lime-juice. It is also reported to be a mild laxative.
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|ellipsoids|0.3 in. (10 mm)7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|contain 1-3 small black seeds. The fruit is dispersed by birds and other wildlife|With hooked hairs|}}
  
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==Common name==
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===Other features===
  
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* '''English''' - Barberry
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಬಾಗಿ ಸೂತ್ರ
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
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* '''Hindi''' - chitra
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== References ==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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<references>
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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<ref name="uses">[http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/barberry "Barberry"]</ref>
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<ref name="uses2">Schauenberg, P; Paris, F (1977). Guide to Medicinal Plants. New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing, Inc</ref>
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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<ref name="Berberis aristata">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berberis_aristata "wikipedia"]</ref>
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Easily grown in most soils[21][22], preferring a calcareous soil. Thrives in a dry lightly shaded position[16], though it prefers full sun.
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</references>
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Plants usually self-sow quite freely when growing in a suitable position[19]. The seeds are contained in burrs that can easily attach themselves to clothing or animal's fur, thus transporting them to a new area where they can germinate and grow.The cultivar 'Sweet scented' is popular in France for making tea because the whole plant is sweet scented and the flowers have a spicy apricot-like fragrance<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Abandoned Field}}, {{Commonly seen|Coastal Grassland}}, {{Commonly seen|Early Successional Forest}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
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==References==
  
 +
<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/view/BioRes_10_4_7958_Hosseinihashemi_Antioxidant_Activity_Extracts "bioresource"]</ref>
  
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== External Links ==
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub=5181 "invasivs plants"]</ref>
  
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berberis_vulgaris Berberis vulgaris-Wikipedia]
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[Prefers a warm moist loamy soil but it is by no means fastidious, succeeding in thin, dry and shallow soils[11, 200]. Prefers a light rich rather dry soil according to another report "practical palnts"]</ref>
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</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.homeremediess.com/berberis-vulgaris-barberry-plant-images-medicinal-uses/]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18618524]
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* [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ptr.2399]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5233136_Pharmacological_and_therapeutic_effects_of_Berberis_vulgaris_and_its_active_constituent_berberine]
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* [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aps/2018/3018498/]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 17:12, 21 April 2018

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Berberis vulgaris, Barberry
Berberis aristata


Berberis vulgaris also known as common barberry, European barberry or simply barberry, is a shrub in the genus Berberis. It produces edible but sharply acidic berries, which people in many countries eat as a tart and refreshing fruit. Berberis aristata [1], also known as Indian Barberry or Haridra Tree (Turmeric), belongs to the family Berberidaceae and the genus Berberis (pronounced bẽr’ber-is). The genus comprises approximately 450-500 species of deciduous evergreen shrubs and is found in the temperate and sub-tropical regions of Asia, Europe, and America. B. aristata is native to the Himalayas in India and in Nepal. It is also naturally found in the wet zone of Sri Lanka.


Uses

Wounds, Cuts, Snakebites, Curing liver disorders, Skin eruptions, Blotches, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats[2]

Parts Used

Stem, Root, Fruit.

Chemical Composition

Extracts from the inner stem bark of Berberis vulgaris were analyzed for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)[3]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Agrimony


Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple oval Leavesare 0.75-2 in. (2-5 cm) long, 0.25-0.75 in. (1-2 cm) wide, serrate and occur in clusters of 2-5. Each cluster of leaves is subtended by a short, three-branched spine

[4]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual less than 0.25 in. (6 mm) wide yellow 5-20 Flowering occurs in May to June and The flowers have an unpleasant odor

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
ellipsoids 0.3 in. (10 mm)7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome contain 1-3 small black seeds. The fruit is dispersed by birds and other wildlife With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Easily grown in most soils[21][22], preferring a calcareous soil. Thrives in a dry lightly shaded position[16], though it prefers full sun. Plants usually self-sow quite freely when growing in a suitable position[19]. The seeds are contained in burrs that can easily attach themselves to clothing or animal's fur, thus transporting them to a new area where they can germinate and grow.The cultivar 'Sweet scented' is popular in France for making tea because the whole plant is sweet scented and the flowers have a spicy apricot-like fragrance[5]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Abandoned Field, Coastal Grassland, Early Successional Forest.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Berberis aristata
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Uses
  3. ↑ "bioresource"
  4. ↑ "invasivs plants"
  5. ↑ [Prefers a warm moist loamy soil but it is by no means fastidious, succeeding in thin, dry and shallow soils[11, 200]. Prefers a light rich rather dry soil according to another report "practical palnts"]

External Links

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