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Difference between revisions of "Cuminum cyminum - Ajaji, Cumin seed"

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Its seeds (each one contained within a fruit, which is dried) are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, in both whole and ground form. It also has many uses as a [[Traditional medicine]] plan.
 
Its seeds (each one contained within a fruit, which is dried) are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, in both whole and ground form. It also has many uses as a [[Traditional medicine]] plan.
 +
==Uses==
 +
{{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Cracks in Skin}}, {{Uses|Sores}}, {{Uses|Diarrhoea}}, {{Uses|Skin diseases}}, {{Uses|Intrinsic haemorrhage}}, {{Uses|Poisons}}.
  
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Bark}}, {{Parts Used|Dried Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Fruits}}.
  
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==Chemical Composition==
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The Artocarpus species are rich in phenolic compounds including flavonoids, stilbenoids, arylbenzofurons and Jacalin, a lectin.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== USES ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Hebbalasu, Kadu halasu|ml=Ayani, Anjili, Ayini plavu|sa=Lakucha, Lakucah, Panasah|ta=Kattuppala, Aiyini pala, Kurangu pala, Pei pala|te=Adavi panasa|hi=Kathal|en=Wild Jack}}
  
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Cumin seed is used as a spice for its distinctive flavour and aroma. It is globally popular and an essential flavouring in many cuisines, particularly South Asian (where it is called jeera[citation needed]), Northern African, and Latin American cuisines. Cumin can be found in some cheeses, such as Leyden cheese, and in some traditional breads from France. It is commonly used in traditional Brazilian cuisine. Cumin can be an ingredient in chili powder (often Tex-Mex or Mexican-style), and is found in achiote blends, adobos, sofrito, garam masala, curry powder, and bahaarat. In Myanmar, cumin is used as a spice. In South Asian cooking, it is often combined with coriander seeds in a powdered mixture called dhana jeera.
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
  
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Cumin can be used ground or as whole seeds. It helps to add an earthy and warming feeling to food, making it a staple in certain stews and soups, as well as spiced gravies such as chili. It is also used as an ingredient in some pickles and pastries.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|lanceolate|alternate, spiral, clustered at twigs end, tawny hirsute, caducous, leaving annular scar}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|14cm long|Pendulous, Ovoid||male flowers in axillary spikes, pendulous; female flowers in axillary spikes, ovoid}}
  
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== TRADITIONAL USE ==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|||Syncarp (sorosis), subglobose or ellipsoid with long echinate processes, orange when ripe|seeds many, ovoid.|}}
  
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In Sanskrit, cumin is known as jira “that which helps digestion" and is called zira in Persian. In the Ayurvedic system, dried cumin seeds are believed to have medicinal purposes. These seeds are powdered and used in different forms like kashaya (decoction), arishta (fermented decoction), vati (tablet/pills), and processed with ghee (a semifluid clarified butter). It is used internally and sometimes for external applications also.
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===Other features===
  
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In southern Indian states, such as Kerala and Tamil Nadu, a popular drink called jira water is made by boiling cumin seeds.
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
  
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==Common name==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}, {{Propagation|Airlayers}}.
  
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* '''English''' - Cumin seed
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಜೀರಗೆ
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In terms of taking care of the plant, minimal pruning is required Cutting off dead branches from the interior of the tree is only sometimes needed. In addition, twigs bearing fruit must be twisted or cut down to the trunk to induce growth for the next season. Branches should be pruned every three to four years to maintain its productivity.
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* '''Hindi''' - Jira
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Stingless bees such as Tetragonula iridipennis are jackfruit pollinators, and as such, play an important role in jackfruit cultivation.
  
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== References ==
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 +
{{Commonly seen|Western Ghats}}, {{Commonly seen|Malabar Coast}}.
 +
 
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Artocarpus hirsutus immature fruits from Tuvvur, Kerala, India.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus unripe fruit
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File:Artocarpus hirsutus fruit.jpg|The ripe fruit of Jungle Jack
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File:ആഞ്ഞിലി.jpg|unripe fruits in a tree
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File:ആഞ്ഞിലിപ്പഴം.jpg|The ripe fruit of Anhili with the outer skin removed.
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File:രണ്ട് ഐനിച്ചക്കകൾ.jpg|ripe fruits
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File:ഐനിച്ചക്ക.jpg|a ripe fruit
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File:ആഞ്ഞിലി ചക്ക അഥവാ ഐനി ചക്ക.jpg|semi-ripe Anhili fruit.
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File:Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection
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File:Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection close up.JPG|Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection close-up
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</gallery>
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 +
==References==
  
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
−
<ref name="Cumin">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumin "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874110002060 "ethnopharmacology"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/8066 "morphology"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
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==External Links==
 +
* [http://frlhtenvis.nic.in/KidsCentre/Artocarpus_hirsutus_1636.aspx Artocarpus hirsutus on ENVIS Centre on Conservation of Medicinal Plants]
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* [https://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/8066 Artocarpus hirsutus on India Biodiversity Portal]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874110002060 Artocarpus: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology]
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* [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d5c0/67efca6a605cfebce2ad4b6a8a702887ccca.pdf Artocarpus: A review of its phytochemistry and pharmacology]
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* [http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.381.143&rep=rep1&type=pdf Pharmacognostical studies on the bark of Artocarpus hirsutus Lam]
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[[Category:Herbs]]
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 +
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[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 15:49, 4 April 2018

JEERA SEEDS


"Geerah" redirects here. Cumin[1] (Cuminum cyminum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native from the east Mediterranean to South Asia.

Its seeds (each one contained within a fruit, which is dried) are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, in both whole and ground form. It also has many uses as a Traditional medicine plan.

Uses

Pimples, Cracks in Skin, Sores, Diarrhoea, Skin diseases, Intrinsic haemorrhage, Poisons.

Parts Used

Bark, Dried Leaves, Leaves, Fruits.

Chemical Composition

The Artocarpus species are rich in phenolic compounds including flavonoids, stilbenoids, arylbenzofurons and Jacalin, a lectin.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Hebbalasu, Kadu halasu
Hindi Kathal
Malayalam Ayani, Anjili, Ayini plavu
Tamil Kattuppala, Aiyini pala, Kurangu pala, Pei pala
Telugu Adavi panasa
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Lakucha, Lakucah, Panasah
English Wild Jack


Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple lanceolate alternate, spiral, clustered at twigs end, tawny hirsute, caducous, leaving annular scar

.[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 14cm long Pendulous, Ovoid male flowers in axillary spikes, pendulous; female flowers in axillary spikes, ovoid

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Syncarp (sorosis), subglobose or ellipsoid with long echinate processes, orange when ripe seeds many, ovoid. {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings, Airlayers.

How to plant/cultivate

In terms of taking care of the plant, minimal pruning is required Cutting off dead branches from the interior of the tree is only sometimes needed. In addition, twigs bearing fruit must be twisted or cut down to the trunk to induce growth for the next season. Branches should be pruned every three to four years to maintain its productivity. Stingless bees such as Tetragonula iridipennis are jackfruit pollinators, and as such, play an important role in jackfruit cultivation.

Commonly seen growing in areas

Western Ghats, Malabar Coast.

Photo Gallery

  • Artocarpus hirsutus unripe fruit

  • The ripe fruit of Jungle Jack

  • unripe fruits in a tree

  • The ripe fruit of Anhili with the outer skin removed.

  • ripe fruits

  • a ripe fruit

  • semi-ripe Anhili fruit.

  • Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection

  • Artocarpus hirsutus fungal infection close-up

References

  1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Cumin
  2. ↑ "ethnopharmacology"
  3. ↑ "morphology"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Cuminum_cyminum_-_Ajaji,_Cumin_seed&oldid=10786"