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Difference between revisions of "Trachyspermum ammi - Carom, Ajwain, Ajamoda"

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Ajwain <ref name="Ajwain"/>, ajowan (/ˈædʒəwɒn/) Trachyspermum ammi, also known as Ajowan caraway, bishop's weed or carom, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. It originated in India and Pakistan. Both the leaves and the fruit (often mistakenly called seeds) of the plant are consumed by humans. The plant is also called bishop's weed, but this is a common name it shares with some other different plants. The "seed" (i.e., the fruit) is often confused with [[lovage]] "seed".
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'''Trachyspermum ammi''' is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. It originated in India and Pakistan. Both the leaves and the fruit of the plant are consumed by humans.
  
  
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== Description ==
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
  
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The small fruits are pale brown schizocarps and have an oval shape, resembling caraway and cumin. It has a bitter and pungent taste, with a flavor similar to anise and oregano. They smell almost exactly like thyme because it also contains thymol, but is more aromatic and less subtle in taste, as well as slightly bitter and pungent. Even a small number of fruits tends to dominate the flavor of a dish.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Lovage seed}}, {{Parts Used|Caraway-like fruits}}.
  
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==Chemical Composition==
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The essential oil (2.5 to 5% in the dried fruits) is dominated by thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, 35 to 60%); furthermore, α-pinene, p-cymene, limonene and γ-terpinene have been found<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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== Culinary uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
  
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The fruits are rarely eaten raw; they are commonly dry-roasted or fried in ghee (clarified butter). This allows the spice to develop a more subtle and complex aroma. In Indian cuisine, it is often part of a chaunk, a mixture of spices fried in oil or butter, which is used to flavor lentil dishes. In Afghanistan, the fruits are sprinkled over bread and biscuits.
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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== Medicinal uses ==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Herb}}
  
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Ajwain is used as medicinal plant in traditional Ayurvedic medicine; primarily for stomach disorders such as indigestion, flatulence,and others but also for its supposed antispasmodic and carminative properties. In general the crushed fruits are applied externally as a poultice.
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
  
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== Uses ==
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
  
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*Avanika is used as medicinal plant in traditional Ayurvedic medicine.
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===Other features===
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* This allows the spice to develop a more subtle and complex aroma. In Indian cuisine, it is often part of a chaunk, a mixture of spices fried in oil or butter, which is used to flavor lentil dishes.
 
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*Primarily used for stomach disorders such as indigestion, flatulence, and others but also for its supposed antispasmodic and carminative properties.
 
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*It is used for treating Asthma
 
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*It helps in dissolving kidney stone.
 
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*Avanika helps to reduce Gas and Flatulence
 
  
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
  
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==Common names==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
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* '''English''' - Carom
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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* '''Kannada''' - ಓಮ
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Requires a moist soil in a sunny position. This species is not frost tolerant[238], but it might be possible to grow it outdoors in Britain as a spring sown annual<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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* '''Hindi''' - Ajvain
 
  
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Damp ground}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
  
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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</gallery>
  
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== References ==
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==References==
  
 
<references>  
 
<references>  
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<ref name="Ajwain">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajwain "wikipedia"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[http://gernot-katzers-spice-pages.com/engl/Trac_cop.html "chemical constituents"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
  
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Trachyspermum+ammi "Cultivation details"]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.alwaysayurveda.com/ajwain/ Trachyspermum ammi on always ayurveda]
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== External Links ==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115300447 on science direct]
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* [http://contentzza.com/cultivation-methods-of-ajwain/ Trachyspermum ammi Cultivation Methods of Ajwain]
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*[http://www.alwaysayurveda.com/ajwain/ "alwaysayurveda"]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237168900_Trachyspermum_ammi_A_comprehensive_review Trachyspermum ammi on Trachyspermum ammi: A comprehensive review]
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*[http://gernot-katzers-spice-pages.com/engl/Trac_cop.html "gernot-katzers-spice-pages"]
 
  
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]

Revision as of 17:15, 11 June 2018

Ajwain, Trachyspermum ammi
Ajwain, Avanika, bishop's weed


Trachyspermum ammi is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. It originated in India and Pakistan. Both the leaves and the fruit of the plant are consumed by humans.


Uses

Wounds, Cuts, Snakebites, Curing liver disorders, Skin eruptions, Blotches, Pimples, Diarrhea, Sore throats

Parts Used

Lovage seed, Caraway-like fruits.

Chemical Composition

The essential oil (2.5 to 5% in the dried fruits) is dominated by thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, 35 to 60%); furthermore, α-pinene, p-cymene, limonene and γ-terpinene have been found[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Agrimony


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown With hooked hairs {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Requires a moist soil in a sunny position. This species is not frost tolerant[238], but it might be possible to grow it outdoors in Britain as a spring sown annual[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Damp ground, meadows, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

  • Odermennig.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
  • Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg

References

  1. ↑ "chemical constituents"
  2. ↑ "wayback machine"
  3. ↑ "Cultivation details"

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Trachyspermum_ammi_-_Carom,_Ajwain,_Ajamoda&oldid=16521"