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Difference between revisions of "Peperomia pellucida - Toyakandha"

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[[File:Peperomia pellucida (Mindanao, Philippines).jpg|thumb|right|''Toyakandha'', ''Peperomia pellucida'']]
 
[[File:Peperomia pellucida (Mindanao, Philippines).jpg|thumb|right|''Toyakandha'', ''Peperomia pellucida'']]
 
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'''Toyakandha''' belongs to the family Piperaceae. It comprises about a dozen genera and around 3000 species. The genus Peperomia represents nearly half of the Piperaceae with the genus Piper making the bulk of the rest.
'''Toyakandha''' or '''Peperomia pellucida''' also known by common names pepper elder, shining bush plant, and man to man. The family Piperaceae comprises about a dozen genera and around 3000 species. The genus Peperomia represents nearly half of the Piperaceae with the genus Piper making the bulk of the rest.
 
 
 
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
{{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Snakebites}}, {{Uses|Curing liver disorders}}, {{Uses|Skin eruptions}}, {{Uses|Blotches}}, {{Uses|Pimples}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}
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{{Uses|Eye inflammation}}, {{Uses|Prostate problems}}, {{Uses|High blood pressure}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Gout}}, {{Uses|Skin boils}}, {{Uses|Wounds}}, {{Uses|Diarrhea}}, {{Uses|Sore throats}}, {{Uses|Abscesses}}, {{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Abdominal pains}}, {{Uses|Renal problems}}, {{Uses|Mental excitement disorder}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
{{Parts Used|Dried Folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
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{{Parts Used|Dried folaige}}, {{Parts Used|Whole herb}}.
  
 
==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
Contains volatile oils, flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, triterpene glycosides including euscapic acid and tormentic acid, phenolic acids, and 3%–21% tannins<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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Phytol (37.88%) was the major compound in the plant extract followed by 2-Naphthalenol, decahydro- (26.20%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (18.31%) and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (17.61%).<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=|ml=|sa=|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Agrimony}}
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{{Common names|kn=|ml=Mashitandu chedi|sa=Toyakandha, Varshabhoo|ta=|te=|hi=|en=Shiny Bush, Slate pencil plant}}
 
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==Properties==
 
==Properties==
 
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
 
Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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==Habit==
 
==Habit==
{{Habit|Herb}}
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{{Habit|Annual plant}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|Simple||The leaves are divided into 3-6 toothed leaflets, with smaller leaflets in between}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Heart shaped|Fleshy leaves are heart shaped, shiny light green, 1.5-4 cm long, 1-3.3 cm wide}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
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{{Flower|Bisexual|3-6 cm long|Yellow|5|It has very small bi-sexual flowers growing in the form of cord-like spikes}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
{{Fruit||7–10 mm (0.28–0.4 in.) long pome|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|With hooked hairs|}}
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{{Fruit|Round to oblong|7–10 mm|The fruits are also very small, round to oblong, ridged, first green later black|With hooked hairs|Single}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
  
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
 
==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
* [[Vishatinduka Taila]] as ''root juice extract''
 
  
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
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==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Easily grown in most soils, preferring a calcareous soil. Thrives in a dry lightly shaded position, though it prefers full sun.Plants usually self-sow quite freely when growing in a suitable position. The seeds are contained in burrs that can easily attach themselves to clothing or animal's fur, thus transporting them to a new area where they can germinate and grow.The cultivar 'Sweet scented' is popular in France for making tea because the whole plant is sweet scented and the flowers have a spicy apricot-like fragrance<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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The plant requires a minimum temperature of 10°c and Prefers a well-drained, humus-rich soil.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|Tall grasslands}}, {{Commonly seen|meadows}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Damp places}}, {{Commonly seen|Wet thickets}}, {{Commonly seen|Mixed forest}}.
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Odermennig.jpg
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File:Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth - Flickr - Alex Popovkin, Bahia, Brazil (4).jpg|Flowers
File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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File:Peperomia pellucida (6674367077).jpg|Leaves
Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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File:Peperomia pellucida (6674369469).jpg|Seeds
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Flore médicale des Antilles, ou, Traité des plantes usuelles (Pl. 226) (8182119436).jpg
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Hortus Cliffortianus IV Piper (Peperomia pellucida).jpg
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Mashithandu chedi.JPG
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874112006393?via%3Dihub "sciencedirect"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22071643 Chemical constituents]</ref>
  
<ref name="Leaf">[https://web.archive.org/web/20131226161459/http://www.wildflowers-guide.com/39-agrimony.html "wayback machine"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Shiny%20Bush.html Plant description]</ref>
  
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Agrimonia_eupatoria "practical palnts"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Peperomia+pellucida Cultivation Details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
* [http://www.indianmirror.com/ayurveda/agrimony.html]
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* [https://scialert.net/fulltextmobile/?doi=rjphyto.2011.48.53 Peperomia pellucida on Research Journal of Phytochemistry]
* [https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Agrimonia+eupatoria]
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* [https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/np050457s Peperomia pellucida on journal of natural products]
* [https://www.herbal-supplement-resource.com/agrimony-herb.html]
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* [http://2017.botanyconference.org/engine/search/index.php?func=detail&aid=92 Peperomia pellucida on botanyconference.org]
* [https://www.globalherbalsupplies.com/herb_information/agrimony.htm]
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* [https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Peperomia+pellucida+(L.)+Kunth Peperomia pellucida on prota4u.org]
* [https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/agrim015.html]
 
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Piperaceae]]

Latest revision as of 17:39, 29 June 2020

Toyakandha, Peperomia pellucida

Toyakandha belongs to the family Piperaceae. It comprises about a dozen genera and around 3000 species. The genus Peperomia represents nearly half of the Piperaceae with the genus Piper making the bulk of the rest.

Uses

Eye inflammation, Prostate problems, High blood pressure, Arthritis, Gout, Skin boils, Wounds, Diarrhea, Sore throats, Abscesses, Headache, Abdominal pains, Renal problems, Mental excitement disorder.

Parts Used

Dried folaige, Whole herb.

Chemical Composition

Phytol (37.88%) was the major compound in the plant extract followed by 2-Naphthalenol, decahydro- (26.20%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (18.31%) and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (17.61%).[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam Mashitandu chedi
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Toyakandha, Varshabhoo
English Shiny Bush, Slate pencil plant


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Annual plant

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Heart shaped Fleshy leaves are heart shaped, shiny light green, 1.5-4 cm long, 1-3.3 cm wide

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Bisexual 3-6 cm long Yellow 5 It has very small bi-sexual flowers growing in the form of cord-like spikes

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Round to oblong 7–10 mm The fruits are also very small, round to oblong, ridged, first green later black With hooked hairs Single {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

The plant requires a minimum temperature of 10°c and Prefers a well-drained, humus-rich soil.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Damp places, Wet thickets, Mixed forest.

Photo Gallery

References

External Links