Crotalaria juncea - Sanah

Sun hemp

Crotalaria juncea is an erect, laxly branched annual plant growing 1 - 3 metres tall with a strong and deep tap-root system. The plant has been cultivated since prehistoric times, especially in India, for its fibre. It is one of the earliest of the distinctly named fibres of India, being mentioned in early Sanskrit under the name of 'sana'. It is widely grown in many areas of the tropics and subtropics, including Africa, Asia and Australasia, as a green manure crop and for its fibre

Uses

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Parts Used

[[:Category:Herbs with used in medicine|]].

Chemical Composition

Seeds—hepatotoxic. Seed oil gave fatty acids—linoleic, linolenic and oleic. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids—junceine, tricodesmine, riddelline, seneciphylline and senecionine were also obtained.

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi
Gujarathi
Punjabi
Kashmiri
Sanskrit
English

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Simple	Alternate	Leaves 3-8 x 0.5-1.5 cm, oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, base usually acute, apex obtuse to subacute, apiculate, clothed on both sides with appressed hairs; petiole to 3 mm long; stipules minute.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Bisexual	Terminal raceme	Yellow		many-flowered, 15-30 cm long. Flowers yellow, 1.5-2 cm long; pedicels c. 5 mm long; bracts 3-4 mm long, lanceolate; bracteoles linear. Calyx c. 1.8 cm long, fulvous hairy, teeth linear-lanceolate. Petals 1.5-2 cm long; standard c. 2 cm long and broad, ovate, veined red, silky without; wings shorter than keel and standard.

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
Pod	2.5-3x 1-1.3 cm		oblong-cylindrical, fulvous silky hairy	Seeds 8-15, c. 4 mm long, obliquely-cordiform.

Mode of Propagation

[[:Category:Index of Plants which can be propagated by |]]

Commonly seen growing in areas

[[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]], [[:Category:Herbs that are commonly seen in the region of |]].

External Links

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