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Difference between revisions of "Cocos nucifera - Coconut tree"

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[[File:තැඹිලි විකිනීම.jpg|thumb|right|"coconut"]]
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[[File:Sayulita nayarit mexico playa pintura.jpg|thumb|right|Tender coconut]]
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The '''Cocos nucifera''' is a member of the family Arecaceae. The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The spelling coconut is an archaic form of the word.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Ring worms}}, {{Uses|Cuts}}, {{Uses|Candidiasis}}, {{Uses|Psoriasis}}, {{Uses|Skin burns}}, {{Uses|Sunburns}}, {{Uses|Toothache}}, {{Uses|Dandruff}}, {{Uses|Baldness}}<ref name="Uses"/>
  
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Roots}}, {{Parts Used|stems}}.
  
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The coconut <ref name="coconut"/>  tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) and the only species of the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed, or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The spelling cocoanut is an archaic form of the word. The term is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese and Spanish word coco meaning "head" or "skull", from the three indentations on the coconut shell that resemble facial features.
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==Chemical Composition==
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Per 100 g, the kernel is reported to contain 36.3 g H2O 4.5 g protein, 41.6 g fat, 13.0 g total carbohydrate, 3.6 g fiber, 1.0 g ash, 10 mg Ca, 24 mg P, 1.7 mg Fe, and traces of beta-carotene.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
  
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Coconuts are known for their great versatility, as evidenced by many traditional uses, ranging from food to cosmetics. They form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits for their large quantity of water (also called "juice") and when immature, they are known as tender-nuts or jelly-nuts and may be harvested for their potable coconut water . When mature, they can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from the kernel, charcoal from the hard shell, and coir from the fibrous husk. The endosperm is initially in its nuclear phase suspended within the coconut water. As development continues, cellular layers of endosperm deposit along the walls of the coconut, becoming the edible coconut "flesh". When dried, the coconut flesh is called copra. The oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking and frying, as well as in soaps and cosmetics. The husks and leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decorating. The coconut also has cultural and religious significance in certain societies, particularly in India, where it is used in Hindu rituals.
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Tengina kayi, tengu|ml=Thengu|sa=|ta=Tennai|te=Kobbari chettu|hi=Nariya|en=Coconut}}
  
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==Common name==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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*'''English''' - Coconut
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===Rasa===
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*'''Kannada''' - ತೆಂಗಿನಕಾಯಿ
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Madhura (Sweet)
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*'''Hindi''' - Naariyal
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===Guna===
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Guru (Heavy), Snigda (unctuous)
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===Veerya===
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Sheeta (cold)
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===Vipaka===
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Madhura (Sweet)
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===Karma===
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Vata, Pitta
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===Prabhava===
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Tree}}
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==Identification==
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===Leaf===
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{{Leaf|Simple|Lanceolate|The leaves, from 4 to 6 m long, are pinnate; they consist of linear-lanceolate, more or less recurved, rigid, bright green leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual||Yellow|6|Female flowers are borne basally, male flowers at apex. Flowers bear lanceolate petals, 6 stamens and an ovary consisting of 3 connate carpelst}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|Big as a man’s head|4-8 cm thick|Mesocarp and a woody endocarp; as it is rather light, it can be carried long distances by water while keeping its germinability for a long time|smooth, grey-brownish epicarp|single}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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Coconuts grow well in lowland tropical regions as far as 26° north and south of the Equator and up to a maximum elevation of around 1,000 metres.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|Tropical seashores}}, {{Commonly seen|Alluvial plains}}, {{Commonly seen|Borders of forests and fields}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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Image:Cocos nucifera - Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden.jpg|[[Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden]], [[USA]]
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File:Coconut tree (2094056434).jpg|Leaves
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File:Coconut inflorescense Pj DSC 1962.jpg|Flowers
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File:Coconut flowers (5476099379).jpg|Flowers
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File:King coconut in Kerala, India.jpg|Fruits
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File:Kokosovi orehi,16.06.24.jpg|Fruits with husk removed
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Cocos_nucifera.html Chemistry]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.dipbot.unict.it/palms/descr01.html Botanical description]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.pfaf.org/USER/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cocos+nucifera Cultivation details]</ref>
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<ref name="Uses">[http://www.medicalhealthguide.com/articles/coconut.htm Buko Health Benefits]</ref>
  
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== References ==
 
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<references>
 
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<ref name="coconut">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut '''wikipedia''']</ref>
 
 
</references>
 
</references>
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==External Links==
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* [http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=276638 Cocos nucifera on missouri botanical garden]
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* [https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/11788 Cocos nucifera-Cookies on Invasive Species Compendium]
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4671521/ Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae): A phytochemical and pharmacological review]
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* [http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Coconut.html Cocos nucifera on flowers of india]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Arecaceae]]

Latest revision as of 14:58, 17 April 2020

Tender coconut

The Cocos nucifera is a member of the family Arecaceae. The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The spelling coconut is an archaic form of the word.

Uses

Ring worms, Cuts, Candidiasis, Psoriasis, Skin burns, Sunburns, Toothache, Dandruff, Baldness[1]

Parts Used

Leaves, Roots, stems.

Chemical Composition

Per 100 g, the kernel is reported to contain 36.3 g H2O 4.5 g protein, 41.6 g fat, 13.0 g total carbohydrate, 3.6 g fiber, 1.0 g ash, 10 mg Ca, 24 mg P, 1.7 mg Fe, and traces of beta-carotene.[2]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Tengina kayi, tengu
Hindi Nariya
Malayalam Thengu
Tamil Tennai
Telugu Kobbari chettu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Coconut


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Madhura (Sweet)

Guna

Guru (Heavy), Snigda (unctuous)

Veerya

Sheeta (cold)

Vipaka

Madhura (Sweet)

Karma

Vata, Pitta

Prabhava

Habit

Tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Lanceolate The leaves, from 4 to 6 m long, are pinnate; they consist of linear-lanceolate, more or less recurved, rigid, bright green leaflets

[3]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual Yellow 6 Female flowers are borne basally, male flowers at apex. Flowers bear lanceolate petals, 6 stamens and an ovary consisting of 3 connate carpelst

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Big as a man’s head 4-8 cm thick Mesocarp and a woody endocarp; as it is rather light, it can be carried long distances by water while keeping its germinability for a long time smooth, grey-brownish epicarp single {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

Coconuts grow well in lowland tropical regions as far as 26° north and south of the Equator and up to a maximum elevation of around 1,000 metres.[4]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Tropical seashores, Alluvial plains, Borders of forests and fields.

Photo Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Buko Health Benefits
  2. ↑ Chemistry
  3. ↑ Botanical description
  4. ↑ Cultivation details

External Links

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