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Difference between revisions of "Chamaecostus cuspidatus - Bandhukapushpa"

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[[File:IMG 2256-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.jpg|thumb|right|''Chamaecostus cuspidatus'', ''Insulin plant'']]
 
 
[[File:IMG 2256-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.jpg|thumb|right|''Chamaecostus cuspidatus'', ''insulin plant'']]
 
 
 
Chamaecostus cuspidatus, common name Fiery Costus or Spiral Flag, is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family native to eastern Brazil (States of Bahia and Espirito Santo). In India, it is known as insulin plant because of its use in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported anti-diabetic properties.
 
  
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'''Chamaecostus cuspidatus''' is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family native to eastern Brazil. In India it is known as insulin plant because of its use in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported anti-diabetic properties.
 
==Uses==
 
==Uses==
{{Uses|rheumatism}}, {{Uses|eye diseases}}, {{Uses|gonorrhea}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}, {{Uses|gout}}, {{Uses|diabetes}}.
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{{Uses|Diabetes}}.
  
 
==Parts Used==
 
==Parts Used==
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==Chemical Composition==
 
==Chemical Composition==
Seed contains anthraquinones,namely; (aurantio-obtusin, chryso-obtusin,obtusin, chrysoobtusin-2-O-beta-glucoside,physcion,emodin,chrysophanol,obtusifolin,obtusifolin-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, alaternin 2-O-β-Dglucopyranoside)15, brassinosteroids(brassinolide, castasterone, typhasterol,teasterone, and 28-norcastasterone), andmonoglycerides (monopalmitin andmonoolein)16. Phenolic glycosides such asrubrofusarin triglucoside, nor-rubrofusaringentiobioside, demethylflavasperone
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Leaves are rich in protein, iron, ad antioxidant components such as ascorbic acid, a-tocopherol, ß-carotene, terpenoids, steroids, and flavonoids.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
gentiobioside, torachrysone gentiobioside,torachrysone tetraglucoside and torachrysoneapioglucoside were also isolated 17<ref name="chemical composition"/>
 
  
 
==Common names==
 
==Common names==
{{Common names|kn=Kemou honne|ml=Honne, Karintakara, Vengai, Venna-maram|sa=Asana, Bandhukapushpa|ta=Neyccarikamaram, Venkal-c-ciray|te=|hi=Banda, Bija-sal, Peisar, Jarul, Keukand|en=Avaram senna}}
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{{Common names|kn=Kempu honne|ml=Honne, Karintakara, Vengai, Venna-maram|sa=Bandhukapushpa|ta=Neyccarikamaram, Venkal|te=|hi=Banda, Bija-sal, Peisar, Jarul, Keukand|en=Fiery costus, spiral flag}}.
  
 
==Habit==
 
==Habit==
{{Habit|branched shrub}}
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{{Habit|Sub terrestrial plant}}
  
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
 
===Leaf===
 
===Leaf===
{{Leaf|simple|alternate|entire, oblong, 4-8 inches long with parallel venation, spirally arranged around the stems. Large, fleshy, smooth, and dark green leaves have a light purple underside}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
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{{Leaf|Simple|Alternate|Entire, oblong, 4-8 inches long with parallel venation, spirally arranged around the stems.}}.<ref name="Leaf"/>
  
 
===Flower===
 
===Flower===
{{Flower|bisexual|2.5 cm long|bright yellow|5-20|The racemes are few-flowered, short, erect, crowded in axils of upper leaves so as to form a large terminal inflorescence stamens barren; the ovary is superior, unilocular, with marginal ovules.}}
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{{Flower|Unisexual|1.5 inches in diameter|Orange|5-20|On cone-like head at the tips of branches}}
  
 
===Fruit===
 
===Fruit===
{{Fruit|short legume|7.5–11 cm long, 1.5 cm broad|clearly grooved lengthwise, Lowest hooked hairs aligned towards crown|oblong, obtuse, tipped with long style base, flat, thin, papery, undulately crimpled, pilose, pale brown.|12-20 seeds}}
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{{Fruit|Short legume|0.5 inch||Fruits are green colored, less than 0.5 inch.|12-20 seeds}}
  
 
===Other features===
 
===Other features===
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==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Where to get the saplings==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
 
==Mode of Propagation==
{{Propagation|Seeds}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
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{{Propagation|Division of clumps}}, {{Propagation|Cuttings}}.
  
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
 
==How to plant/cultivate==
Plants reach about 3 m height with 3.5 cm stem diameter in 2 years, in 4 years about 5 m height and 7 cm stem diameter. Flowering and fruiting is almost throughout the year, but in India there are usually two main flowering periods, one in the early monsoon and another in the late monsoon.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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As this plant is perinnial. They prefer a either full sun or partial shade. It needs fertile soil &ample moisture.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
  
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
 
==Commonly seen growing in areas==
{{Commonly seen|dry regions of India}}, {{Commonly seen|sea coast}}, {{Commonly seen|dry zone in Sri Lanka}}.
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{{Commonly seen|Central Atlantic rain forest}}, {{Commonly seen|South america}}, {{Commonly seen|Himalayan regions}}.
 
 
  
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
==Photo Gallery==
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
 
<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
File:Odermennig.jpg
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Chamaecostus cuspidatus kz1.jpg
File:Agrimonia eupatoria02.jpg
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Chamaecostus cuspidatus kz2.jpg
 
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Chamaecostus cuspidatus kz3.jpg
Image:Agrimonia eupatoria MHNT.BOT.2004.0.jpg
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Chamaecostus cuspidatus.JPG
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IMG 2256-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.jpg
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IMG 2257-Chamaecostus cuspidatus.jpg
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Insulin Plant - Chamaecostus cuspidatus - full view.JPG
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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<references>  
 
<references>  
<ref name="chemical composition">[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.679.2571&rep=rep1&type=pdf "Pharmacological"]</ref>
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.scribd.com/document/273617095/CHAMAECOSTUS-CUSPIDATUS-A-SHORT-REVIEW-ON-ANTI-DIABETIC-PLANT Pharmacological science]</ref>
<ref name="Leaf">[http://eol.org/pages/703261/details "eol.ord"]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[http://www.stuartxchange.org/InsulinPlant Philippines medicinal plants]</ref>
<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.prota4u.org/database/protav8.asp?g=pe&p=Senna+auriculata+(L.)+Roxb. "prota4u"]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/chamaecostus-subsessilis-and-chamaecostus-cuspidatus-nees--martcspecht-and-dwstev-as-potential-sources-of-anticancer-agents-2329-6836-1000204.pdf Photochemical reseash]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaecostus_cuspidatus Chamaecostus cuspidatus on wikipedia.org]
 
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*[http://www.stuartxchange.org/InsulinPlant Chamaecostus cuspidatus on stuartxchange.org]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Costaceae]]

Latest revision as of 15:31, 6 October 2020

Chamaecostus cuspidatus, Insulin plant

Chamaecostus cuspidatus is a species of herbaceous plant in the Costaceae family native to eastern Brazil. In India it is known as insulin plant because of its use in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported anti-diabetic properties.

Uses

Diabetes.

Parts Used

Dried Leaves.

Chemical Composition

Leaves are rich in protein, iron, ad antioxidant components such as ascorbic acid, a-tocopherol, ß-carotene, terpenoids, steroids, and flavonoids.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Kempu honne
Hindi Banda, Bija-sal, Peisar, Jarul, Keukand
Malayalam Honne, Karintakara, Vengai, Venna-maram
Tamil Neyccarikamaram, Venkal
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit Bandhukapushpa
English Fiery costus, spiral flag

.

Habit

Sub terrestrial plant

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Alternate Entire, oblong, 4-8 inches long with parallel venation, spirally arranged around the stems.

.[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 1.5 inches in diameter Orange 5-20 On cone-like head at the tips of branches

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
Short legume 0.5 inch Fruits are green colored, less than 0.5 inch. 12-20 seeds {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Division of clumps, Cuttings.

How to plant/cultivate

As this plant is perinnial. They prefer a either full sun or partial shade. It needs fertile soil &ample moisture.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

Central Atlantic rain forest, South america, Himalayan regions.

Photo Gallery

References

External Links