Arachis hypogaea - Bhuchanaka

Bhuchanaka, Arachis hypogaea

Arachis hypogaea is an annual plant with erect or prostrate stems up to 70cm long. The peanut is a very commonly used food plant, valued mainly for its edible seed and oil, but also having medicinal and other uses. It is widely cultivated throughout the tropics and sub-tropics for its seed.

Uses

Rheumatism, Blood disorders

Parts Used

Seeds, Young pods, Leaves.

Common names

Language	Common name
Kannada
Hindi
Malayalam
Tamil
Telugu
Marathi
Gujarathi
Punjabi
Kashmiri
Sanskrit
English

Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Habit

Herb

Identification

Leaf

Kind	Shape	Feature
Compound	Alternate	Leaves stipulate, pinnate with two opposite pairs of leaflets, alternately arranged in a 2/5 phyllotaxy on main axis; distichous on higher order branches.

Flower

Type	Size	Color and composition	Stamen	More information
Bisexual	Axillary	Yellow		Flowers pea-like, enclosed between two bracts, one simple, subtending a very short peduncle, the other bifid, subtending the pedicel; sessile, but appear to be stalked after growth of a tubular hypanthium just before anthesis. Petals, orange, yellow, cream or rarely white; Stamens 10, sterile filaments usually 2, anthers 8 (sometimes 9, rarely 10), 4 globose, uniloculate, alternating with 4 oblong, 3 of which are biloculate and 1, opposite the standard, uniloculate. The tip of the ovary, bearing from 1–5 ovules, grows out from between the floral bracts, bearing with it the dried petals, calyx lobes and hypanthium; creating a unique floral stucture—the peg. The peg quickly turns down toward the soil and thrusts its tip with its ovules several centimeters into the soil where the tip turns horizontally and develops into the pod.

Fruit

Type	Size	Mass	Appearance	Seeds	More information
Pod	1 cm long x 0.5 cm thick to 3.5 cm x 1.5 cm		an indehiscent legume up to 10 cm long; seeds 1–5

Mode of Propagation

Seeds

How to plant/cultivate

Peanuts can be grown from the tropics to the warm temperate zone, with commercial crops succeeding between latitudes 40° south and 40° north and up to an elevation of 1,500 metres.

Commonly seen growing in areas

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