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Difference between revisions of "Salix alba - White willow"

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[[File:Salix alba leaves.jpg|thumb|right|''Salix alba'', ''white willow'']]
 
[[File:Salix alba leaves.jpg|thumb|right|''Salix alba'', ''white willow'']]
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'''Salix alba''' is a species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia. The name derives from the white tone to the undersides of the leaves.
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==Uses==
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{{Uses|Fevers}}, {{Uses|Dyspepsia}}, {{Uses|Joint pain}}, {{Uses|Rheumatism}}, {{Uses|Arthritis}}, {{Uses|Gout}}, {{Uses|Immune diseases}}, {{Uses|Headache}}, {{Uses|Febrifuge}}
  
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'''Salix alba''' ('''white willow''') is a species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia. The name derives from the white tone to the undersides of the leaves.
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==Parts Used==
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{{Parts Used|Leaves}}, {{Parts Used|Inner bark}}.
  
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== Description ==
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==Chemical Composition==
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The inner bark of the White Willow(Salix alba L.)contains tannins, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, and anti-inflammatory and fever-reducing salicylates.<ref name="chemical composition"/>
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It is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree growing up to 10–30 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter and an irregular, often-leaning crown. The bark is grey-brown, and deeply fissured in older trees. The shoots in the typical species are grey-brown to green-brown. The leaves are paler than most other willows, due to a covering of very fine, silky white hairs, in particular on the underside; they are 5–10 cm long and 0.5–1.5 cm wide. The flowers are produced in catkins in early spring, and pollinated by insects. It is dioecious, with male and female catkins on separate trees; the male catkins are 4–5 cm long, the female catkins 3–4 cm long at pollination, lengthening as the fruit matures. When mature in midsummer, the female catkins comprise numerous small (4 mm) capsules, each containing numerous minute seeds embedded in white down, which aids wind dispersal.
 
  
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== Uses ==
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==Common names==
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{{Common names|kn=Niranji|ml=Arali, Atrupala|sa=|ta=Atrupalai|te=|hi=Bod, Bains|en=Indian Willow}}
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*The wood is tough, strong, and light in weight, but has minimal resistance to decay. The stems (withies) from coppiced and pollarded plants are used for basket-making.
 
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*The wood is used to make cricket bats. S. alba's wood has a low density and a lower transverse compressive strength.
 
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*Hippocrates,<ref name="uses"/> Galen,<ref name="galen"/> Pliny the Elder<ref name="pliny"/> and others knew willow bark could ease aches and pains and reduce fevers.
 
  
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==Common name==
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==Properties==
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Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.
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===Dravya===
  
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* '''English''' - White willow
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===Rasa===
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Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)
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===Guna===
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Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)
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===Veerya===
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Ushna (Hot)
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===Vipaka===
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Katu (Pungent)
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===Karma===
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Kapha, Vata
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===Prabhava===
  
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== References ==
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==Habit==
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{{Habit|Deciduous tree}}
  
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<references>
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==Identification==
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<ref name="uses">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocrates Hippocrates]</ref>
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===Leaf===
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<ref name="galen">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galen Galen]</ref>
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{{Leaf|Simple||Lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets}}<ref name="Leaf"/>
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<ref name="pliny">[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder Pliny the Elder]</ref>
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===Flower===
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{{Flower|Unisexual|2-4cm long|Yellow|5-20|Flowers Season is June - August}}
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===Fruit===
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{{Fruit|General|7–10 mm|The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe|Bark of an adult plant is ridged or plated|Many}}
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===Other features===
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==List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used==
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==Where to get the saplings==
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==Mode of Propagation==
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{{Propagation|Seeds}}.
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==How to plant/cultivate==
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A very easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[21], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[22]. Rarely thrives on chalk[22] and dislikes poor thin soils[23]. Very tolerant of maritime exposure and atmospheric pollution.<ref name="How to plant/cultivate"/>
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==Commonly seen growing in areas==
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{{Commonly seen|By streams and rivers}}, {{Commonly seen|marshes and woods}}, {{Commonly seen|wet fens on richer soils}}.
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==Photo Gallery==
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<gallery class="left" caption="" widths="140px" heights="140px">
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File:Salix alba 003.jpg
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File:Salix alba 004.jpg
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File:Salix alba 005.jpg
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File:Salix alba 006.jpg
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File:Salix alba 007.jpg
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File:Salix alba 017.jpg
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File:Salix alba 008.jpg
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File:Salix alba 009.jpg
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File:20160917Salix alba2.jpg|Leaves
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</gallery>
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==References==
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<references>  
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<ref name="chemical composition">[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874112006393?via%3Dihub Phytochemicals]</ref>
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<ref name="Leaf">[https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/species/salix/alba/ Plant Characteristics]</ref>
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<ref name="How to plant/cultivate">[http://practicalplants.org/wiki/Salix_alba#cite_note-PFAFimport-75-10 Cutlivation details]</ref>
 
</references>
 
</references>
  
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== External Links ==
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==External Links==
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319610310000578 Salix alba on science direct]
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salix_alba Salix alba]
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* [http://hermionesgarden.blogspot.com/2011/05/salix-alba-sacred-white-willow.html Salix alba on hermionesgarden.blogspot.org]
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* [https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/salix_alba_var._vitellina.htm Salix alba on keyserver.lucidcentral.org]
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* [https://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Salix+alba Salix alba on plant information.org]
  
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
 
[[Category:Herbs]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have flower, fruit and leaf photos]]
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[[Category:Ayurvedic herbs that don't have seed photos]]
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[[Category:Salicaceae]]

Latest revision as of 11:58, 3 August 2020

Salix alba, white willow

Salix alba is a species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia. The name derives from the white tone to the undersides of the leaves.

Uses

Fevers, Dyspepsia, Joint pain, Rheumatism, Arthritis, Gout, Immune diseases, Headache, Febrifuge

Parts Used

Leaves, Inner bark.

Chemical Composition

The inner bark of the White Willow(Salix alba L.)contains tannins, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, and anti-inflammatory and fever-reducing salicylates.[1]

Common names

Language Common name
Kannada Niranji
Hindi Bod, Bains
Malayalam Arali, Atrupala
Tamil Atrupalai
Telugu
Marathi NA
Gujarathi NA
Punjabi NA
Kashmiri NA
Sanskrit
English Indian Willow


Properties

Reference: Dravya - Substance, Rasa - Taste, Guna - Qualities, Veerya - Potency, Vipaka - Post-digesion effect, Karma - Pharmacological activity, Prabhava - Therepeutics.

Dravya

Rasa

Tikta (Bitter), Kashaya (Astringent)

Guna

Laghu (Light), Ruksha (Dry), Tikshna (Sharp)

Veerya

Ushna (Hot)

Vipaka

Katu (Pungent)

Karma

Kapha, Vata

Prabhava

Habit

Deciduous tree

Identification

Leaf

Kind Shape Feature
Simple Lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets

[2]

Flower

Type Size Color and composition Stamen More information
Unisexual 2-4cm long Yellow 5-20 Flowers Season is June - August

Fruit

Type Size Mass Appearance Seeds More information
General 7–10 mm The fruit is dry and splits open when ripe Bark of an adult plant is ridged or plated Many {{{6}}}

Other features

List of Ayurvedic medicine in which the herb is used

Where to get the saplings

Mode of Propagation

Seeds.

How to plant/cultivate

A very easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, including wet, ill-drained or intermittently flooded soils[21], but prefers a damp, heavy soil in a sunny position[22]. Rarely thrives on chalk[22] and dislikes poor thin soils[23]. Very tolerant of maritime exposure and atmospheric pollution.[3]

Commonly seen growing in areas

By streams and rivers, marshes and woods, wet fens on richer soils.

Photo Gallery

  • Salix alba 003.jpg
  • Salix alba 004.jpg
  • Salix alba 005.jpg
  • Salix alba 006.jpg
  • Salix alba 007.jpg
  • Salix alba 017.jpg
  • Salix alba 008.jpg
  • Salix alba 009.jpg

  • Leaves

References

  1. ↑ Phytochemicals
  2. ↑ Plant Characteristics
  3. ↑ Cutlivation details

External Links

Retrieved from "https://ayurwiki.org/index.php?title=Salix_alba_-_White_willow&oldid=51350"